PMID- 19630236
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090824
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0005-2086 (Print)
IS  - 0005-2086 (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 2
DP  - 2009 Jun
TI  - An evaluation of avian influenza diagnostic methods with domestic duck specimens.
PG  - 276-80
AB  - Monitoring of poultry, including domestic ducks, for avian influenza (AI) virus 
      has increased considerably in recent years. However, the current methods 
      validated for the diagnosis and detection of AI virus infection in chickens and 
      turkeys have not been evaluated for performance with samples collected from 
      domestic ducks. In order to ensure that methods for the detection of AI virus or 
      AI virus antibody will perform acceptably well with these specimens, samples 
      collected from domestic ducks experimentally infected with a U.S. origin low 
      pathogenicity AI virus, A/Avian/NY/31588-3/00 (H5N2), were evaluated. 
      Oropharyngeal (OP) and cloacal swabs were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, 
      and 21 days postinoculation (PI) for virus detection by virus isolation, which 
      was considered the reference method, and real-time RT-PCR. In addition, two 
      commercial antigen immunoassays were used to test swab material collected 2-7 
      days PI. Virus isolation and real-time RT-PCR performed similarly; however, the 
      antigen immunoassays only detected virus during the peak of shed, 2-4 days PI, 
      and both kits detected virus in fewer than half of the samples that were positive 
      by virus isolation. Cloacal swabs yielded more positives than OP swabs with all 
      virus detection tests. To evaluate AI virus antibody detection serum was 
      collected from the ducks at 7, 14, and 21 days PI and was tested by agar gel 
      immunodiffusion (AGID) assay, a commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent 
      assay (ELISA), and homologous hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay, which was 
      used as the reference method. Results for the ELISA and HI assay were almost 
      identical with serum collected at 7 and 14 days PI; however, by 21 days PI 100% 
      of the samples were positive by HI assay and only 65% were positive by ELISA. At 
      all time points AGID detected antibody in substantially fewer samples than either 
      ELISA or HI assay.
FAU - Spackman, Erica
AU  - Spackman E
AD  - Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 934 
      College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA. Erica.Spackman@ars.usda.gov
FAU - Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J
AU  - Pantin-Jackwood MJ
FAU - Swayne, David E
AU  - Swayne DE
FAU - Suarez, David L
AU  - Suarez DL
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Avian Dis
JT  - Avian diseases
JID - 0370617
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/blood
MH  - *Ducks
MH  - Immunoassay/methods/*veterinary
MH  - Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype
MH  - Influenza in Birds/*diagnosis
EDAT- 2009/07/28 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/25 09:00
CRDT- 2009/07/28 09:00
PHST- 2009/07/28 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/07/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/25 09:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1637/8520-111708-Reg.1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Avian Dis. 2009 Jun;53(2):276-80. doi: 10.1637/8520-111708-Reg.1.