PMID- 19671179
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100204
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1743-422X (Electronic)
IS  - 1743-422X (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2009 Aug 11
TI  - A rat model of picornavirus-induced airway infection and inflammation.
PG  - 122
LID - 10.1186/1743-422X-6-122 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Infection of the lower airways by rhinovirus, a member of the 
      picornavirus family, is an important cause of wheezing illnesses in infants, and 
      plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rhinovirus-induced asthma 
      exacerbations. Given the absence of natural rhinovirus infections in rodents, we 
      investigated whether an attenuated form of mengovirus, a picornavirus whose 
      wild-type form causes systemic rather than respiratory infections in its natural 
      rodent hosts, could induce airway infections in rats with inflammatory responses 
      similar to those in human rhinovirus infections. RESULTS: After inoculation with 
      10(7) plaque-forming units of attenuated mengovirus through an inhalation route, 
      infectious mengovirus was consistently recovered on days 1 and 3 postinoculation 
      from left lung homogenates (median Log10 plaque-forming units = 6.0 and 4.8, 
      respectively) and right lung bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (median Log10 
      plaque-forming units = 5.8 and 4.0, respectively). Insufflation of attenuated 
      mengovirus, but not vehicle or UV-inactivated virus, into the lungs of BN rats 
      caused significant increases (P < 0.05) in lower airway neutrophils and 
      lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and patchy peribronchiolar, 
      perivascular, and alveolar cellular infiltrates in lung tissue sections. In 
      addition, infection with attenuated mengovirus significantly increased (P < 0.05) 
      lower airway levels of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCR2 ligands [cytokine-induced 
      neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1; CXCL1) and macrophage inflammatory 
      protein-2 (MIP-2; CXCL2)] and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; CCL2) in 
      comparison to inoculation with vehicle or UV-inactivated virus. CONCLUSION: 
      Attenuated mengovirus caused a respiratory infection in rats with several days of 
      viral shedding accompanied by a lower airway inflammatory response consisting of 
      neutrophils and lymphocytes. These features suggest that mengovirus-induced 
      airway infection in rodents could be a useful model to define mechanisms of 
      rhinovirus-induced airway inflammation in humans.
FAU - Rosenthal, Louis A
AU  - Rosenthal LA
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public 
      Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, USA. lar@medicine.wisc.edu
FAU - Amineva, Svetlana P
AU  - Amineva SP
FAU - Szakaly, Renee J
AU  - Szakaly RJ
FAU - Lemanske, Robert F Jr
AU  - Lemanske RF Jr
FAU - Gern, James E
AU  - Gern JE
FAU - Sorkness, Ronald L
AU  - Sorkness RL
LA  - eng
GR  - U19 AI070503/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI070503/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI50500/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20090811
PL  - England
TA  - Virol J
JT  - Virology journal
JID - 101231645
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/pathology
MH  - Lung/immunology/pathology/virology
MH  - Lymphocytes/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mengovirus/immunology/*pathogenicity
MH  - Neutrophils/immunology
MH  - Picornaviridae Infections/immunology/*pathology/*virology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology/*pathology/*virology
MH  - Virus Shedding
PMC - PMC2790594
EDAT- 2009/08/13 09:00
MHDA- 2010/02/05 06:00
PMCR- 2009/08/11
CRDT- 2009/08/13 09:00
PHST- 2009/03/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/08/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/08/13 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/08/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/02/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2009/08/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1743-422X-6-122 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1743-422X-6-122 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Virol J. 2009 Aug 11;6:122. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-6-122.