PMID- 19673615
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091105
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1537-6591 (Electronic)
IS  - 1058-4838 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 6
DP  - 2009 Sep 15
TI  - Cause-specific mortality and the contribution of immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome in the first 3 years after antiretroviral therapy 
      initiation in an urban African cohort.
PG  - 965-72
LID - 10.1086/605500 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although many studies have reported high early mortality among 
      patients enrolled in antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in sub-Saharan 
      Africa-particularly among those individuals with advanced immunodeficiency-few 
      studies have reported the most common causes of these early deaths. METHODS: We 
      determined cause-specific mortality and the contribution of immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in a well-characterized patient cohort in Kampala, 
      Uganda, over a 36-month period of ART. RESULTS: In a cohort of patients who 
      initiated antiretroviral therapy in Uganda, we observed a high early mortality 
      rate among patients with advanced disease. The most common causes of death were 
      tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis. The contribution of immune 
      reconstitution inflammatory syndrome to mortality was limited. CONCLUSIONS: We 
      show a significant early mortality in our ART cohort in resource-limited settings 
      that is driven by advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease and characterized 
      by low CD4 cell counts. In our experience, the contribution of IRIS to this 
      observed early mortality is limited.
FAU - Castelnuovo, Barbara
AU  - Castelnuovo B
AD  - Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda. bcastelnuovo@idi.co.ug
FAU - Manabe, Yukari C
AU  - Manabe YC
FAU - Kiragga, Agnes
AU  - Kiragga A
FAU - Kamya, Moses
AU  - Kamya M
FAU - Easterbrook, Philippa
AU  - Easterbrook P
FAU - Kambugu, Andrew
AU  - Kambugu A
LA  - eng
GR  - G0200585/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Infect Dis
JT  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases 
      Society of America
JID - 9203213
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
SB  - IM
CIN - Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Sep 15;49(6):973-5. PMID: 19673616
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology/microbiology/*mortality
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - *CD4 Lymphocyte Count
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - HIV Infections/drug therapy/immunology/*mortality
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/immunology/microbiology/*mortality
MH  - Kaplan-Meier Estimate
MH  - Male
MH  - Meningitis, Cryptococcal/immunology/mortality
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Tuberculosis/immunology/mortality
MH  - Uganda
EDAT- 2009/08/14 09:00
MHDA- 2009/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2009/08/14 09:00
PHST- 2009/08/14 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/08/14 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/11/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1086/605500 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Sep 15;49(6):965-72. doi: 10.1086/605500.