PMID- 19689308
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091027
LR  - 20191027
IS  - 1996-3181 (Electronic)
IS  - 1871-5273 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 4
DP  - 2009 Aug
TI  - REM sleep behavior disorder and narcolepsy.
PG  - 264-70
AB  - REM (rapid eye movement) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a well known parasomnia 
      [1]. Its first description in humans dates back to 1985, and its first 
      description in narcoleptic patients to 1992. Although the precise pathophysiology 
      of RBD remains unclear, it is likely, in the case of RBD associated with 
      narcolepsy, that the altered function of hypocretin pathways projecting from the 
      lateral hypothalamus to the ventrolateral part of the periaqueductal grey matter 
      and the lateral pontine tegmentum has a consistent role. The percentage of 
      narcoleptic patients complaining of clinical RBD lies somewhere between 10 and 
      15% of the narcoleptic population. The age of onset is younger than in the other 
      forms of chronic RBD. Clinical features are the same as in the other forms of 
      chronic RBD, but the frequency of the episodes is less marked. Associated 
      features include other parasomnias, periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMs) and 
      olfactory dysfunction. Polysomnographic tracings are remarkable for elevated 
      submental electromyographic (EMG) tone and/or excessive phasic submental EMG 
      twitching. Data on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association and on cerebrospinal 
      fluid (CSF) hypocretin/orexin levels are limited. Clinical variants include RBD 
      induced or worsened by pharmacological agents, most of them being used to treat 
      cataplexy, RBD in narcoleptic children and RBD in the context of symptomatic 
      narcolepsy. Several treatments of RBD are available including clonazepam, 
      melatonin and more recently pramipexole. However, in the absence of any 
      pharmacological trials of these drugs on RBD in narcoleptic patients, it is 
      difficult to provide guidance other than to recommend conventional treatments of 
      RBD.
FAU - Billiard, Michel
AU  - Billiard M
AD  - Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Department of Neurology, Montpellier, France. 
      mbilliard@wanadoo.fr
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United Arab Emirates
TA  - CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets
JT  - CNS & neurological disorders drug targets
JID - 101269155
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
RN  - 5PE9FDE8GB (Clonazepam)
RN  - JL5DK93RCL (Melatonin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects
MH  - Cataplexy/complications
MH  - Clonazepam/therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Melatonin/therapeutic use
MH  - Narcolepsy/*complications/physiopathology
MH  - Polysomnography
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - REM Sleep Behavior Disorder/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy/physiopathology
RF  - 59
EDAT- 2009/08/20 09:00
MHDA- 2009/10/29 06:00
CRDT- 2009/08/20 09:00
PHST- 2009/08/20 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/08/20 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/10/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2174/187152709788921690 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2009 Aug;8(4):264-70. doi: 
      10.2174/187152709788921690.