PMID- 19717287
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091207
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 1873-4367 (Electronic)
IS  - 0927-7765 (Linking)
VI  - 74
IP  - 1
DP  - 2009 Nov 1
TI  - The effect of formulation variables on the characteristics of insulin-loaded 
      poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres prepared by a single phase oil in oil 
      solvent evaporation method.
PG  - 340-9
LID - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.08.003 [doi]
AB  - Biodegradable polymeric microspheres are ideal vehicles for controlled delivery 
      applications of drugs, peptides and proteins. Amongst them, 
      poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has generated enormous interest due to their 
      favorable properties and also has been approved by FDA for drug delivery. 
      Insulin-loaded PLGA microparticles were prepared by our developed single phase 
      oil in oil (o/o) emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Insulin, a model 
      protein, was successfully loaded into microparticles by changing experimental 
      variables such as polymer molecular weight, polymer concentration, surfactant 
      concentration and stirring speed in order to optimize process variables on drug 
      encapsulation efficiency, release rates, size and size distribution. A 2(4) full 
      factorial design was employed to evaluate systematically the combined effect of 
      variables on responses. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed spherical 
      shapes, smooth surface morphology and microsphere structure without aggregation. 
      FTIR and DSC results showed drug-polymer interaction. The encapsulation 
      efficiency of insulin was mainly influenced by surfactant concentration. 
      Moreover, polymer concentration and polymer molecular weight affected burst 
      release of drug and size characteristics of microspheres, respectively. It was 
      concluded that using PLGA with higher molecular weight, high surfactant and 
      polymer concentrations led to a more appropriate encapsulation efficiency of 
      insulin with low burst effect and desirable release pattern.
FAU - Hamishehkar, Hamed
AU  - Hamishehkar H
AD  - Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz 
      University (Medical Sciences), Tabriz, Iran.
FAU - Emami, Jaber
AU  - Emami J
FAU - Najafabadi, Abdolhossein Rouholamini
AU  - Najafabadi AR
FAU - Gilani, Kambiz
AU  - Gilani K
FAU - Minaiyan, Mohsen
AU  - Minaiyan M
FAU - Mahdavi, Hamid
AU  - Mahdavi H
FAU - Nokhodchi, Ali
AU  - Nokhodchi A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090812
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
JT  - Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
JID - 9315133
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Oils)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 1SIA8062RS (Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer)
RN  - 26009-03-0 (Polyglycolic Acid)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
MH  - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/*methods
MH  - Chromatography, Gel
MH  - Drug Compounding
MH  - Drug Delivery Systems
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/*pharmacology
MH  - Lactic Acid/*chemistry
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - *Microspheres
MH  - Molecular Weight
MH  - Oils/*chemistry
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Polyglycolic Acid/*chemistry
MH  - Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
MH  - Solvents/*chemistry
MH  - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
MH  - Volatilization
MH  - X-Ray Diffraction
EDAT- 2009/09/01 06:00
MHDA- 2009/12/16 06:00
CRDT- 2009/09/01 09:00
PHST- 2009/04/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/05/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/08/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/09/01 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/12/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0927-7765(09)00362-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.08.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2009 Nov 1;74(1):340-9. doi: 
      10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.08.003. Epub 2009 Aug 12.