PMID- 19723563
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100212
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1873-7544 (Electronic)
IS  - 0306-4522 (Linking)
VI  - 164
IP  - 2
DP  - 2009 Dec 1
TI  - Enriched environment influences hormonal status and hippocampal brain derived 
      neurotrophic factor in a sex dependent manner.
PG  - 788-97
LID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.054 [doi]
AB  - The present study is aimed at testing the hypothesis that an enriched environment 
      (EE) induces sex-dependent changes in stress hormone release and in markers of 
      increased brain plasticity. The focus was on 
      hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity, plasma levels of 
      stress hormones, gene expression of glutamate receptor subunits and 
      concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in selected brain 
      regions. Rats exposed to EE were housed in groups of 12 in large cages with 
      various objects, which were frequently changed, for 6 weeks. Control animals were 
      housed four per cage under standard conditions. In females the EE-induced rise in 
      hippocampal BDNF, a neurotrophic factor associated with increased neural 
      plasticity, was more pronounced than in males. Similar sex-specific changes were 
      observed in BDNF concentrations in the hypothalamus. EE also significantly 
      attenuated oxytocin and aldosterone levels only in female but not male rats. 
      Plasma testosterone positively correlated with hippocampal BDNF in female but not 
      male rats housed in EE. In male rats housing in EE led to enhanced levels of 
      testosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), this was not seen in 
      females. Hippocampal glucocorticoid but not mineralocorticoid receptor levels 
      decreased in rats housed in EE irrespective of sex. Housing conditions failed to 
      modify mRNA levels of glutamate receptor type 1 (Glur1) and metabotropic 
      glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlur5) subunits of glutamate receptors in the 
      forebrain. Moreover, a negative association between corticosterone and BDNF was 
      observed in both sexes. The results demonstrate that the association between 
      hormones and changes in brain plasticity is sex related. In particular, 
      testosterone seems to be involved in the regulatory processes related to 
      neuroplasticity in females.
FAU - Bakos, J
AU  - Bakos J
AD  - Laboratory of Pharmacological Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Experimental 
      Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
FAU - Hlavacova, N
AU  - Hlavacova N
FAU - Rajman, M
AU  - Rajman M
FAU - Ondicova, K
AU  - Ondicova K
FAU - Koros, C
AU  - Koros C
FAU - Kitraki, E
AU  - Kitraki E
FAU - Steinbusch, H W M
AU  - Steinbusch HW
FAU - Jezova, D
AU  - Jezova D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090829
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroscience
JT  - Neuroscience
JID - 7605074
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Grm5 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Glucocorticoid)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Mineralocorticoid)
RN  - 0 (metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/physiology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism
MH  - *Environment
MH  - Female
MH  - Hippocampus/*physiology
MH  - Hormones/blood/*metabolism
MH  - Housing, Animal
MH  - Male
MH  - Random Allocation
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5
MH  - Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
MH  - *Sex Characteristics
MH  - Zona Glomerulosa/physiology
EDAT- 2009/09/03 06:00
MHDA- 2010/02/13 06:00
CRDT- 2009/09/03 09:00
PHST- 2009/03/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/08/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/08/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/09/03 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/02/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0306-4522(09)01407-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.054 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroscience. 2009 Dec 1;164(2):788-97. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.054. 
      Epub 2009 Aug 29.