PMID- 19727017
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111108
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1530-0315 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 10
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - Running biomechanics and lower limb strength associated with prior hamstring 
      injury.
PG  - 1942-51
LID - 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a55200 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Hamstrings injury/reinjury is common, but functional reasons for this 
      remain unclear. This study identified bilateral differences in swing phase 
      running biomechanics and isokinetic strength, between the previously 
      hamstring-injured and uninjured limbs of male athletes involved in sprint-based 
      sports. METHODS: Athletes, injury-free during testing, underwent 
      three-dimensional motion analyses to determine bilateral joint kinematics and 
      kinetics during submaximal sprinting. Various hip and knee isokinetic strength 
      tests were performed bilaterally using a Biodex dynamometer. Peak torque (PT) and 
      total work (TW; normalized to body mass) were collected isokinetically from 
      concentric hamstrings (CH), concentric quadriceps (CQ), concentric hip flexors 
      (CHF), and eccentric hamstrings (EH). Three PT and TW ratios were created, 
      namely, CH/CQ, EH/CQ, and EH/CHF, and were compared between the previously 
      injured and uninjured limbs. RESULTS: Lower limb swing phase kinematics and 
      kinetics were similar. Only peak hip flexion angle in late swing was 
      significantly reduced (1.9 degrees ) in the previously injured limb. EH PT was decreased 
      (26.2 N.m.kg(-1)) and occurred at shorter hamstring lengths on the previously 
      injured side, whereas CQ TW was increased by 13.6 J.kg(-1). EH/CQ and EH/CHF 
      ratios for PT and TW were reduced on the previously injured limbs. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Although swing phase biomechanics of submaximal sprinting were similar between 
      limbs, the previously injured hamstrings did display significant weakness 
      eccentrically. Residual eccentric weakness may predispose this muscle group to 
      reinjury during late swing, compared with the uninjured limb, because the 
      functional eccentric demand on both limbs was similar. Furthermore, the EH/CHF 
      ratios may better reflect muscle function during sprinting, having the potential 
      to influence rehabilitation to prevent reinjury.
FAU - Lee, Marcus J C
AU  - Lee MJ
AD  - School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western 
      Australia, Perth, Australia.
FAU - Reid, Siobhan L
AU  - Reid SL
FAU - Elliott, Bruce C
AU  - Elliott BC
FAU - Lloyd, David G
AU  - Lloyd DG
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Sci Sports Exerc
JT  - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JID - 8005433
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Biomechanical Phenomena
MH  - Gait/physiology
MH  - Hip Joint/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Knee Joint/physiopathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle Strength/*physiology
MH  - Muscle Strength Dynamometer
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*injuries/physiopathology
MH  - Running/*injuries
MH  - Thigh/*injuries/physiopathology
MH  - Torque
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2009/09/04 06:00
MHDA- 2011/11/09 06:00
CRDT- 2009/09/04 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/11/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a55200 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 Oct;41(10):1942-51. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a55200.