PMID- 19752078
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091023
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 124
IP  - 4
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - Impact of chlorinated swimming pool attendance on the respiratory health of 
      adolescents.
PG  - 1110-8
LID - 10.1542/peds.2009-0032 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The goal was to estimate the burden of allergic diseases associated 
      with chlorinated pool exposure among adolescents. METHODS: We examined 847 
      students, 13 to 18 years of age, who had attended outdoor or indoor chlorinated 
      pools at various rates. Of them, 114 had attended mainly a copper-silver pool and 
      served as a reference group. We measured total and aeroallergen-specific 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in serum and screened for exercise-induced 
      bronchoconstriction. Outcomes were respiratory symptoms, hay fever, allergic 
      rhinitis, and asthma that had been diagnosed at any time (ever asthma) or was 
      being treated with medication and/or was associated with exercise-induced 
      bronchoconstriction (current asthma). RESULTS: Among adolescents with atopy with 
      serum IgE levels of>30 kIU/L or aeroallergen-specific IgE, the odds ratios (ORs) 
      for asthma symptoms and for ever or current asthma increased with the lifetime 
      number of hours spent in chlorinated pools, reaching values of 7.1 to 14.9 when 
      chlorinated pool attendance exceeded 1000 hours. Adolescents with atopy with 
      chlorinated pool attendance of >100 hours had greater risk of hay fever (OR: 
      3.3-6.6), and those with attendance of >1000 hours had greater risk of allergic 
      rhinitis (OR: 2.2-3.5). Such associations were not found among adolescents 
      without atopy or with copper-silver pool attendance. The population attributable 
      risks for chlorinated pool-related ever-diagnosed asthma, hay fever, and allergic 
      rhinitis were 63.4%, 62.1%, and 35.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Chlorinated pool 
      exposure exerts an adjuvant effect on atopy that seems to contribute 
      significantly to the burden of asthma and respiratory allergies among 
      adolescents.
FAU - Bernard, Alfred
AU  - Bernard A
AD  - Department of Public Health, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. 
      alfred.bernard@uclouvain.be
FAU - Nickmilder, Marc
AU  - Nickmilder M
FAU - Voisin, Catherine
AU  - Voisin C
FAU - Sardella, Antonia
AU  - Sardella A
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20090914
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
RN  - 4R7X1O2820 (Chlorine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Asthma/chemically induced/epidemiology/*immunology
MH  - Bronchoconstriction
MH  - Chlorine/*adverse effects
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Confidence Intervals
MH  - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Forced Expiratory Volume
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/epidemiology/immunology
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/blood
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Male
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - Probability
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Respiration Disorders/epidemiology/*immunology
MH  - Respiratory Function Tests
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Swimming/statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Swimming Pools
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2009/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2009/10/24 06:00
CRDT- 2009/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/10/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - peds.2009-0032 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2009-0032 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2009 Oct;124(4):1110-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-0032. Epub 2009 Sep 
      14.