PMID- 19781988
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100326
LR  - 20100119
IS  - 1618-0607 (Electronic)
IS  - 1438-4221 (Linking)
VI  - 300
IP  - 1
DP  - 2010 Jan
TI  - Immunomodulation by semi-mature dendritic cells: a novel role of Toll-like 
      receptors and interleukin-6.
PG  - 19-24
LID - 10.1016/j.ijmm.2009.08.010 [doi]
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in activation of the adaptive immune system 
      by their ability of antigen presentation to and priming of T cells. An increasing 
      body of evidence suggests that DCs may also play an important role in induction 
      of tolerance, predominantly by induction of regulatory T cells (T(reg)). More 
      recently, data have been published on how Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and 
      cytokines affect DC differentiation, and how DC subsets might be involved in 
      immunoregulation and tolerance rather than in T cell activation. The most 
      important features of tolerance-inducing DCs appear to be their maturation state 
      and their cytokine secretion pattern. The following types of tolerance-inducing 
      DCs have been reported: immature DCs (DCs(im)) or DCs in the steady state 
      (DCs(st)), DCs(IL-10), semi-mature DCs(TNF-alpha), semi-mature DCs(IL-6). With 
      this review article we would like to discuss the aforementioned types of 
      tolerogenic DCs with a focus on semi-mature DCs(IL-6) and discuss their potential 
      role in maintenance of (hepatic or intestinal) immune homeostasis and 
      inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.
CI  - Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Frick, Julia-Stefanie
AU  - Frick JS
AD  - Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Eberhard Karls University 
      Tubingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 6, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. 
      julia-stefanie.frick@med.uni-tuebingen.de
FAU - Grunebach, Frank
AU  - Grunebach F
FAU - Autenrieth, Ingo B
AU  - Autenrieth IB
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20090924
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int J Med Microbiol
JT  - International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM
JID - 100898849
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Dendritic Cells/*immunology
MH  - *Homeostasis
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Immunomodulation
MH  - Interleukin-6/*immunology
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Toll-Like Receptors/*immunology
RF  - 59
EDAT- 2009/09/29 06:00
MHDA- 2010/03/27 06:00
CRDT- 2009/09/29 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/03/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1438-4221(09)00081-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijmm.2009.08.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Med Microbiol. 2010 Jan;300(1):19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2009.08.010. Epub 
      2009 Sep 24.