PMID- 1981562
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19910416
LR  - 20190721
IS  - 0014-4819 (Print)
IS  - 0014-4819 (Linking)
VI  - 83
IP  - 1
DP  - 1990
TI  - Swallowing responses induced by microinjection of glutamate and glutamate 
      agonists into the nucleus tractus solitarius of ketamine-anesthetized rats.
PG  - 151-8
AB  - Swallowing is a patterned motor activity generated by neurons located within the 
      nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). An excitatory amino acid (EAA) 
      neurotransmitter, such as glutamate (GLU), is suspected of being involved in the 
      initiation of swallowing by NTS neuronal components. However, swallowing can 
      still be elicited in animals anesthetized with ketamine, an antagonist of the 
      N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subclass of EAA receptors. The present experiments 
      were therefore designed to investigate the influence of EAA administration within 
      the NTS on the swallowing motor activity of rats anesthetized with ketamine. 
      Pressure microinjections of GLU in doses ranging from 25 to 500 pmol elicited 
      swallowing. This effect was dose-dependent and was not reproduced when control 
      injections of the vehicle solution were performed. Microinjections of the GLU 
      agonists, quisqualate (QUIS) and NMDA, in doses ranging between 2.5 and 50 pmol, 
      also induced swallowing motor activities. QUIS, like GLU, elicited a short series 
      of swallows at a brief latency while NMDA generated long-lasting rhythmic 
      swallowing with a longer latency. Swallowing induced by GLU microinjections (100 
      pmol) was suppressed almost completely by local pretreatment with either the 
      broad spectrum EAA receptor antagonist, gamma-D-glutamylglycine (250 pmol), or 
      the more selective non-NMDA antagonist, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 
      (50-100 pmol), but not by pretreatment with the selective NMDA antagonist, 
      DL-2-amino-5-phosponovalerate (250 pmol). On the other hand, pretreatment with 
      DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (50 pmol) suppressed the deglutitions induced by 
      NMDA microinjections (10 pmol) but not those elicited by QUIS microinjections (10 
      pmol).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FAU - Kessler, J P
AU  - Kessler JP
AD  - Departement de Physiologie et Neurophysiologie, CNRS URA 205, Faculte des 
      Sciences et Techniques Saint-Jerome, Marseille, France.
FAU - Cherkaoui, N
AU  - Cherkaoui N
FAU - Catalin, D
AU  - Catalin D
FAU - Jean, A
AU  - Jean A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Germany
TA  - Exp Brain Res
JT  - Experimental brain research
JID - 0043312
RN  - 0 (Glutamates)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 6384-92-5 (N-Methylaspartate)
RN  - 690G0D6V8H (Ketamine)
RN  - 8OC22C1B99 (Quisqualic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Deglutition
MH  - Glutamates/*pharmacology
MH  - Glutamic Acid
MH  - Ketamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Medulla Oblongata/*physiology
MH  - Microinjections
MH  - N-Methylaspartate/pharmacology
MH  - Quisqualic Acid/pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Inbred Strains
EDAT- 1990/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 1990/01/01 00:01
CRDT- 1990/01/01 00:00
PHST- 1990/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1990/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1990/01/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/BF00232203 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Brain Res. 1990;83(1):151-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00232203.