PMID- 19827462
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091117
LR  - 20191111
IS  - 1526-484X (Print)
IS  - 1526-484X (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 4
DP  - 2009 Aug
TI  - Influence of timing of postexercise carbohydrate-protein ingestion on selected 
      immune indices.
PG  - 366-84
AB  - The aim of the study was to determine the influence of immediate and 1-hr-delayed 
      carbohydrate (CHO) and protein (PRO) feeding after prolonged exercise on 
      leukocyte trafficking, bacterially stimulated neutrophil degranulation, saliva 
      secretory IgA (S-IgA) responses, and circulating stress hormones. In randomized 
      order, separated by 1 wk, 9 male runners completed 3 feeding interventions after 
      2 hr of running at 75% VO2max. During control (CON), participants received water 
      (12 ml/kg body mass [BM]) immediately and 1 hr postexercise. During immediate 
      feeding (IF), participants received a CHO-PRO solution equal to 1.2 g CHO/kg BM 
      and 0.4 g PRO/kg BM immediately postexercise and water 1 hr postexercise. During 
      delayed feeding (DF), participants received water immediately postexercise and 
      CHO-PRO solution 1 hr postexercise. Unstimulated saliva and venous blood samples 
      were collected preexercise, immediately postexercise, and every 20 min until 140 
      min postexercise. No significant interactions were observed for circulating 
      leukocytes and T-lymphocyte subset counts, S-IgA secretion rate, or plasma 
      cortisol, epinephrine, or norepinephrine concentration. Bacterially stimulated 
      neutrophil degranulation decreased during recovery on CON and DF (24% and 31%, 
      respectively, at 140 min; p < .01) but not on IF. Compared with CON, neutrophil 
      degranulation was higher on IF at 100 min postexercise and higher on IF than DF 
      at 80 min and 100 min onward postexercise (p < .05). Ingestion of a CHO-PRO 
      solution immediately after, but not 1 hr after, prolonged strenuous exercise 
      prevented the decrease in neutrophil degranulation but did not alter circulating 
      stress hormone, leukocyte trafficking, or S-IgA responses. Further research 
      should identify the independent effect of different quantities of CHO and PRO 
      ingestion during recovery on neutrophil responses and other aspects of immune 
      function.
FAU - Costa, Ricardo J S
AU  - Costa RJ
AD  - School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
FAU - Oliver, Samuel J
AU  - Oliver SJ
FAU - Laing, Stewart J
AU  - Laing SJ
FAU - Waiters, Robert
AU  - Waiters R
FAU - Bilzon, James L J
AU  - Bilzon JL
FAU - Walsh, Neil P
AU  - Walsh NP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
JT  - International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
JID - 100939812
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin A, Secretory)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cell Degranulation/immunology
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Dietary Proteins/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/*metabolism
MH  - Leukocyte Count
MH  - Leukocytes/*cytology/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Neutrophil Activation/physiology
MH  - Physical Endurance/*immunology
MH  - Running/physiology
MH  - Saliva/metabolism
MH  - Stress, Physiological/immunology
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2009/10/16 06:00
MHDA- 2009/11/18 06:00
CRDT- 2009/10/16 06:00
PHST- 2009/10/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/11/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1123/ijsnem.19.4.366 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2009 Aug;19(4):366-84. doi: 
      10.1123/ijsnem.19.4.366.