PMID- 19833409
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100330
LR  - 20100201
IS  - 1532-2939 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-6701 (Linking)
VI  - 74
IP  - 2
DP  - 2010 Feb
TI  - Quantitative measurement of the efficacy of protein removal by cleaning 
      formulations; comparative evaluation of prion-directed cleaning chemistries.
PG  - 144-51
LID - 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.07.023 [doi]
AB  - The stability of the infectious agent causing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 
      (vCJD) has highlighted the importance of cleaning surgical instruments for 
      controlling potential spread of iatrogenic CJD. In this study, thermostable 
      adenylate kinases (tAKs) in test soil were coated on to stainless steel and these 
      surrogate agents used to evaluate the efficacy of a range of cleaning chemistries 
      in a bench-top washer disinfector (btWD), or as a pre-soak either with or without 
      subsequent treatment by btWD. Two tAKs were tested initially for ease of removal, 
      the most persistent being Sulfolobus acidocaldarius-derived tAK which was used 
      for evaluating the cleaning chemistries. Conventional chemistries were generally 
      more effective when used in a btWD than as pre-soaks. Cleaning efficacy improved 
      when pre-soaks were followed by treatment with intermediate performing enzymes, 
      demonstrating greater than additive effect on residual tAK activity. Three of the 
      four prion-directed chemistries reduced residual tAK activity to below the limit 
      of quantification (LoQ) by more than 4.8 log(10); <175pg tAK remaining as a 
      pre-soak alone. A conventional alkaline cleaning product also reduced residual 
      tAK activity to below the LoQ but only when used in a btWD. tAK soil dried on to 
      the device was removed less efficiently than tAK soil still moist on the device, 
      with a 320-fold and 28-fold increase in residual tAK activity for pre-soak and 
      btWD, respectively. The study demonstrated the potential for a tAK indicator to 
      describe the effectiveness of protein removal using different chemistries or 
      treatment processes.
FAU - Ungurs, M
AU  - Ungurs M
AD  - Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response, Health Protection Agency, Porton 
      Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK.
FAU - Hesp, J R
AU  - Hesp JR
FAU - Poolman, T
AU  - Poolman T
FAU - McLuckie, G
AU  - McLuckie G
FAU - O'Brien, S
AU  - O'Brien S
FAU - Murdoch, H
AU  - Murdoch H
FAU - Wells, P
AU  - Wells P
FAU - Raven, N D H
AU  - Raven ND
FAU - Walker, J T
AU  - Walker JT
FAU - Sutton, J M
AU  - Sutton JM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20091014
PL  - England
TA  - J Hosp Infect
JT  - The Journal of hospital infection
JID - 8007166
RN  - 0 (Indicators and Reagents)
RN  - EC 2.7.4.3 (Adenylate Kinase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenylate Kinase/*analysis
MH  - Decontamination/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Indicators and Reagents/analysis
MH  - Sulfolobus acidocaldarius/*enzymology
MH  - *Surgical Instruments
EDAT- 2009/10/17 06:00
MHDA- 2010/03/31 06:00
CRDT- 2009/10/17 06:00
PHST- 2009/01/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/07/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/10/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/03/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0195-6701(09)00334-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.07.023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Hosp Infect. 2010 Feb;74(2):144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.07.023. Epub 2009 
      Oct 14.