PMID- 19838939
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100115
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1532-7914 (Electronic)
IS  - 0163-5581 (Linking)
VI  - 61
IP  - 5
DP  - 2009
TI  - Gamma tocopherol upregulates the expression of 15-S-HETE and induces growth 
      arrest through a PPAR gamma-dependent mechanism in PC-3 human prostate cancer 
      cells.
PG  - 649-62
LID - 10.1080/01635580902825654 [doi]
AB  - Chronic inflammation and dietary fat consumption correlates with an increase in 
      prostate cancer. Our previous studies in the colon have demonstrated that 
      gamma-tocopherol treatment could upregulate the expression of peroxisome 
      proliferator-activated preceptors (PPAR) gamma, a nuclear receptor involved in 
      fatty acid metabolism as well modulation of cell proliferation and 
      differentiation. In this study, we explored the possibility that gamma-tocopherol 
      could induce growth arrest in PC-3 prostate cancer cells through the regulation 
      of fatty acid metabolism. Growth arrest (40%) and PPAR gamma mRNA and protein 
      upregulation was achieved with gamma-tocopherol within 6 h. 
      gamma-Tocopherol-mediated growth arrest was demonstrated to be PPAR gamma 
      dependent using the agonist GW9662 and a PPAR gamma dominant negative vector. 
      gamma-tocopherol was shown not to be a direct PPAR gamma ligand, but rather 
      15-S-HETE (an endogenous PPAR gamma ligand) was upregulated by gamma-tocopherol 
      treatment. 15-Lipoxygenase-2, a tumor suppressor and the enzyme that converts 
      arachidonic acid to 15-S-HETE, was upregulated at 3 h following gamma-tocopherol 
      treatment. Expression of proteins downstream of the PPAR gamma pathway were 
      examined. Cyclin D1, cyclin D3, bcl-2, and NFkappa B proteins were found to be 
      downregulated following gamma-tocopherol treatment. These data demonstrate that 
      the growth arrest mediated by gamma-tocopherol follows a PPAR-gamma-dependent 
      mechanism.
FAU - Campbell, Sharon E
AU  - Campbell SE
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 
      37614, USA. campbese@etsu.edu
FAU - Musich, Phillip R
AU  - Musich PR
FAU - Whaley, Sarah G
AU  - Whaley SG
FAU - Stimmel, Julie B
AU  - Stimmel JB
FAU - Leesnitzer, Lisa M
AU  - Leesnitzer LM
FAU - Dessus-Babus, Sophie
AU  - Dessus-Babus S
FAU - Duffourc, Michelle
AU  - Duffourc M
FAU - Stone, William
AU  - Stone W
FAU - Newman, Robert A
AU  - Newman RA
FAU - Yang, Peiying
AU  - Yang P
FAU - Krishnan, Koyamangalath
AU  - Krishnan K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Nutr Cancer
JT  - Nutrition and cancer
JID - 7905040
RN  - 0 (Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Ligands)
RN  - 0 (PPAR gamma)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 73945-47-8 (15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid)
RN  - 8EF1Z1238F (gamma-Tocopherol)
RN  - EC 1.13.11.33 (ALOX15B protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.13.11.33 (Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenocarcinoma/pathology
MH  - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Proliferation/*drug effects
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Epithelial Cells
MH  - Gene Expression/*drug effects
MH  - Gene Knockout Techniques
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids/chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Ligands
MH  - Male
MH  - PPAR gamma/agonists/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Prostate/cytology
MH  - Prostatic Neoplasms/*pathology
MH  - Protein Binding
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects
MH  - gamma-Tocopherol/metabolism/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2009/10/20 06:00
MHDA- 2010/01/16 06:00
CRDT- 2009/10/20 06:00
PHST- 2009/10/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - 914454733 [pii]
AID - 10.1080/01635580902825654 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Cancer. 2009;61(5):649-62. doi: 10.1080/01635580902825654.