PMID- 19839890
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100118
LR  - 20191111
IS  - 1744-5108 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-6830 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 2-3
DP  - 2009
TI  - Genetic testing in orbital tumors.
PG  - 88-97
AB  - OBJECTIVE: This review aims to discuss the clinical application of cytogenetic 
      and molecular testing in the diagnosis and prognosis of orbital tumors and, in so 
      doing, highlight the basis of these methods, their advantages, and limitations. 
      SUMMARY: Specific chromosomal aberrations are detected in many 
      lymphoproliferative neoplasms, soft tissue tumors, and in a few benign tumors of 
      the orbit. Detection of these characteristic chromosomal translocations is most 
      helpful to refine the diagnosis and classification, especially when the tumor is 
      poorly differentiated and shows overlapping morphological features with another 
      tumor type. This review outlines orbital tumors with characteristic chromosomal 
      translocations and the relative frequency of detecting the genetic mutation. 
      Various genetic techniques are available for genetic testing, including 
      karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), reverse transcriptase 
      polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
      As yet, the newer methods of array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) 
      and expression profiling are most commonly used in research settings or in large 
      specialist centers, and their general application to cancer diagnostics is 
      limited by their cost. Therefore, this review focuses on the methodologies that 
      should be available to most diagnostic units. It is true that "one size does not 
      fit all" in this field and that a combination of molecular techniques may be 
      needed to confirm results at the genomic and transcriptional levels.
FAU - Khong, Jwu Jin
AU  - Khong JJ
AD  - South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology and 
      Visual Science, Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Australia. 
      jjkhong@yahoo.com
FAU - Moore, Sarah
AU  - Moore S
FAU - Prabhakaran, Venkatesh C
AU  - Prabhakaran VC
FAU - Selva, Dinesh
AU  - Selva D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Orbit
JT  - Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
JID - 8301221
SB  - IM
MH  - Cytogenetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Genetic Testing/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Lymphoproliferative Disorders/diagnosis/*genetics
MH  - Male
MH  - Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis/*genetics
MH  - Translocation, Genetic
RF  - 86
EDAT- 2009/10/21 06:00
MHDA- 2010/01/19 06:00
CRDT- 2009/10/21 06:00
PHST- 2009/10/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1080/08820530802506094 [pii]
AID - 10.1080/08820530802506094 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Orbit. 2009;28(2-3):88-97. doi: 10.1080/08820530802506094.