PMID- 19861234
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100413
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1573-2509 (Electronic)
IS  - 0920-9964 (Print)
IS  - 0920-9964 (Linking)
VI  - 116
IP  - 2-3
DP  - 2010 Feb
TI  - Language network dysfunction as a predictor of outcome in youth at clinical high 
      risk for psychosis.
PG  - 173-83
LID - 10.1016/j.schres.2009.09.042 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Language processing abnormalities are a hallmark feature of 
      schizophrenia. Yet, no study to date has investigated underlying neural networks 
      associated with discourse processing in adolescents at clinical high risk (CHR) 
      for developing psychosis(1). METHODS: Forty CHR youth and 24 demographically 
      comparable healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while 
      performing a naturalistic discourse processing paradigm. We assessed differences 
      in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activity between task conditions 
      (Topic Maintenance vs. Reasoning) and between groups. Furthermore, we examined 
      the association of regional brain activity with symptom severity and social 
      outcome at follow-up, 6 to 24 months after the scan. RESULTS: Relative to 
      controls, CHR participants showed increased neural activity in a network of 
      language-associated brain regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex 
      bilaterally, left inferior frontal (LIFG; BA44/45, 47) and middle temporal gyri, 
      and the anterior cingulate (BA24 and 32). Further, increased activity in the 
      superior temporal gyrus (STG), caudate, and LIFG distinguished those who 
      subsequently developed psychosis. Within the CHR sample, severity of positive 
      formal thought disorder at follow-up was positively correlated with signal change 
      in the LIFG, superior frontal gyrus, and inferior/middle temporal gyri, whereas 
      social outcome was inversely correlated with signal change in the LIFG and 
      anterior cingulate. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with a neural 
      inefficiency hypothesis in those at greatest risk for psychosis, and additionally 
      suggest that baseline activation differences may predict symptomatic and 
      functional outcome. These results highlight the need to further investigate the 
      neural systems involved in conversion to psychosis, and how language disruption 
      changes over time in at-risk adolescents.
CI  - 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sabb, Fred W
AU  - Sabb FW
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, 
      Los Angeles, Box 956968, Rm 2265, 300 Medical Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6968, 
      USA.
FAU - van Erp, Theo G M
AU  - van Erp TG
FAU - Hardt, Molly E
AU  - Hardt ME
FAU - Dapretto, Mirella
AU  - Dapretto M
FAU - Caplan, Rochelle
AU  - Caplan R
FAU - Cannon, Tyrone D
AU  - Cannon TD
FAU - Bearden, Carrie E
AU  - Bearden CE
LA  - eng
GR  - P50 MH066286-039004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH65079/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH065079/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH065079-03/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286-01A19004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH065079-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286-059004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH065079-04/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286-029004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20091027
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Schizophr Res
JT  - Schizophrenia research
JID - 8804207
RN  - S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - *Brain Mapping
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/blood supply/*pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods
MH  - Language Development Disorders/*etiology/*pathology
MH  - Language Tests
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
MH  - Male
MH  - Nerve Net/blood supply/pathology
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Oxygen/blood
MH  - Predictive Value of Tests
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*complications/*diagnosis
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC2818263
MID - NIHMS151850
COIS- Conflict of Interest None of the authors report any biomedical financial 
      interests or potential conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2009/10/29 06:00
MHDA- 2010/04/14 06:00
PMCR- 2011/02/01
CRDT- 2009/10/29 06:00
PHST- 2009/05/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/09/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/09/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/10/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/04/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0920-9964(09)00486-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.schres.2009.09.042 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Schizophr Res. 2010 Feb;116(2-3):173-83. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.09.042. Epub 
      2009 Oct 27.