PMID- 19882980
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100119
LR  - 20161116
IS  - 0368-2781 (Print)
IS  - 0368-2781 (Linking)
VI  - 62
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Jun
TI  - [Antibacterial activity of quinolones against various clinically isolated strains 
      and evaluation of efficacy based on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics 
      theory].
PG  - 194-202
AB  - We compared the antimicrobial activities of oral quinolones, ciprofloxacin 
      (CPFX), gatifloxacin (GFLX), garenoxacin (GRNX), levofloxacin (LVFX), 
      moxifloxacin (MFLX), norfloxacin (NFLX), prulifloxacin (PUFX), and tosufloxacin 
      (TFLX) using Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus 
      agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, extended spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBL) 
      producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus 
      aureus (MSSA) isolated from clinical materials. Based on the 
      pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics theory, the target attainment rate at the area 
      under the curve (AUC)/MIC of 120 or more for Gram-negative and 30 or more for 
      Gram-positive bacteria was calculated using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), and was 
      assessed as the efficacy. GRNX showed the lowest MIC50 and MIC90 values (0.03 and 
      0.06 microg/ml, respectively) against S. pneumoniae, suggesting its potent 
      antimicrobial activity. GRNX also exhibited the most potent antimicrobial 
      activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, MSSA) other 
      than S. pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activity of CPFX against H. influenzae was 
      most potent. The MIC50 and MIC90 values were 0.016 microg/ml each. However, the 
      MIC50 and MIC90 values of the other agents were also favorable. PUFX showed the 
      most potent antimicrobial activity against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. Both of 
      MIC50 and MIC90 values were 0.06 and 1 microg/ml, respectively. On efficacy 
      assessment using MCS, GRNX, GFLX, and MFLX showed a probability of 90% or more 
      against S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes. Against S. agalactiae, GRNX, MFLX, and 
      GFLX showed a probability of approximately 60%. All agents showed a low 
      probability against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae; PUFX showed a maximum (43.63%). 
      GRNX, MFLX, GFLX, and LVFX showed a probability of 90% or more against MSSA. 
      Furthermore, we investigated the probability that the target value of resistance 
      inhibition, an AUC/MIC of more than 200 against S. pneumoniae, is achieved. GRNX 
      showed the highest probability (95.05%). It also exhibited a similar probability 
      even when the target value was established as 250. Recently, the widespread use 
      of quinolones has increased the number of quinolone-resistant bacteria. In the 
      future, antimicrobial agents should be selected with respect to more potent 
      therapeutic effects and resistance inhibition, and an appropriate dose and 
      administration method must be employed.
FAU - Nakamura, Tatsuya
AU  - Nakamura T
AD  - Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kansai Medical University Hirakata Hospital.
FAU - Shimizu, Chihiro
AU  - Shimizu C
FAU - Hirakawa, Kaname
AU  - Hirakawa K
FAU - Inui, Sachiko
AU  - Inui S
FAU - Okuda, Kazuyuki
AU  - Okuda K
FAU - Nakata, Chiyo
AU  - Nakata C
FAU - Fujimoto, Hiroko
AU  - Fujimoto H
FAU - Okura, Hiroe
AU  - Okura H
FAU - Uemura, Yoshiko
AU  - Uemura Y
FAU - Takahashi, Hakuo
AU  - Takahashi H
LA  - jpn
PT  - English Abstract
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Japan
TA  - Jpn J Antibiot
JT  - The Japanese journal of antibiotics
JID - 0154402
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (Quinolones)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Resistance, Bacterial
MH  - Gram-Negative Bacteria/*drug effects/isolation & purification
MH  - Gram-Positive Bacteria/*drug effects/isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Japan
MH  - Monte Carlo Method
MH  - Quinolones/administration & dosage/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2009/11/04 06:00
MHDA- 2010/01/20 06:00
CRDT- 2009/11/04 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/20 06:00 [medline]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Jpn J Antibiot. 2009 Jun;62(3):194-202.