PMID- 19888304
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100518
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1476-5438 (Electronic)
IS  - 1018-4813 (Print)
IS  - 1018-4813 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Mar
TI  - Genetic variants in human CLOCK associate with total energy intake and cytokine 
      sleep factors in overweight subjects (GOLDN population).
PG  - 364-9
LID - 10.1038/ejhg.2009.176 [doi]
AB  - Despite the importance of total energy intake in circadian system regulation, no 
      study has related human CLOCK gene polymorphisms and food-intake measures. The 
      aim of this study was to analyze the associations of CLOCK single-nucleotide 
      polymorphisms (SNPs) with food intake and to explore the specific role of the 
      cytokine system. A total of 1100 individual participants in the Genetics of Lipid 
      Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study were included. Dietary intake was 
      estimated with a validated questionnaire. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte 
      chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-2 
      soluble receptor-alpha (IL-2sR-alpha) and adiponectin plasma concentrations were 
      measured. Our results showed that four of five CLOCK SNPs selected were 
      significantly associated with total energy intake (P<0.05). For SNP rs3749474, 
      the energy intake and total fat, protein and carbohydrate intakes were 
      significantly higher in minor allele carriers than in non-carriers. Frequency of 
      the minor allele was greater in subjects with high energy intake than in those 
      with low intake. Subjects with the minor allele were 1.33 times more likely to 
      have high energy intake than non-carriers (95% CI 1.09-1.72, P=0.0350). All CLOCK 
      SNPs were associated with plasma cytokine values, in particular with those that 
      were highly correlated with energy intake: MCP1, IL-6 and adiponectin. 
      Interestingly, minor allele carriers with high energy intake showed decreased 
      cytokine values, which could be related with a lower anorectic effect and 
      decreased sleep in these subjects. In conclusion, we show a novel association of 
      genetic variation at CLOCK with total energy intake, which was particularly 
      relevant for SNP rs3749474. Associations could be mediated through the alteration 
      of cytokine levels that may influence energy intake and sleep pattern.
FAU - Garaulet, Marta
AU  - Garaulet M
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. garaulet@um.es
FAU - Lee, Yu-Chi
AU  - Lee YC
FAU - Shen, Jian
AU  - Shen J
FAU - Parnell, Laurence D
AU  - Parnell LD
FAU - Arnett, Donna K
AU  - Arnett DK
FAU - Tsai, Michael Y
AU  - Tsai MY
FAU - Lai, Chao-Qiang
AU  - Lai CQ
FAU - Ordovas, Jose M
AU  - Ordovas JM
LA  - eng
GR  - U01 HL072524/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL054776/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 HL72524/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 HL-54776/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK075030/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK075030/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20091104
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Hum Genet
JT  - European journal of human genetics : EJHG
JID - 9302235
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interleukins)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.48 (CLOCK Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - CLOCK Proteins/*genetics
MH  - Cytokines/*genetics
MH  - Energy Intake/*genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - *Genetic Variation
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukins/genetics
MH  - Linkage Disequilibrium/genetics
MH  - Male
MH  - Overweight/*genetics/*physiopathology
MH  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
MH  - Sleep/*genetics/*physiology
PMC - PMC2987209
EDAT- 2009/11/06 06:00
MHDA- 2010/05/19 06:00
PMCR- 2011/03/01
CRDT- 2009/11/06 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/05/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ejhg2009176 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/ejhg.2009.176 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Hum Genet. 2010 Mar;18(3):364-9. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.176. Epub 2009 Nov 
      4.