PMID- 19902839
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091217
LR  - 20121115
IS  - 0177-5103 (Print)
IS  - 0177-5103 (Linking)
VI  - 86
IP  - 2
DP  - 2009 Sep 23
TI  - Case reports of melamine-induced pathology in penaeid shrimp fed adulterated 
      feeds.
PG  - 107-12
LID - 10.3354/dao02111 [doi]
AB  - Shrimp (Penaeus monodon and P. vannamei) specimens were submitted to the 
      University of Arizona's Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory (UAZAPL) and to the 
      Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory (TVMDL) in 2007 and 2008 from 
      shrimp-rearing facilities in India and Indonesia for histological testing. These 
      were found to present prominent golden to greenish-brown needle- and plate-like 
      birefringent crystals within multifocal hemocytic granulomas in the antennal 
      gland tubules and peritubular hemal sinuses. Their appearance was very similar to 
      melamine-cyanuric acid-induced crystals previously described from cat and dog 
      kidneys with melamine-associated renal failure (MARF). Significant chronic 
      mortalities were reported from the affected P. vannamei farms in Indonesia, but 
      were not observed in the affected P. monodon facility in India. Shrimp feed was 
      suspected as the source of melamine due to the similarity of the shrimp antennal 
      gland lesions to those present in MARF. 'Normal' and 'suspect' feed samples from 
      the facilities in Indonesia and India were sent to regional laboratories for 
      analysis. Melamine was detected in 2 of 4 feed samples from an affected 
      Indonesian farm. Melamine was not detected in 'normal' feed from the Indian 
      facility, but it was found in 2 'suspect' samples (Feeds A and B) at levels of 
      183.39 and 112.50 ppm, respectively. A bioassay of Feed A with P. vannamei at 
      UAZAPL confirmed that the melamine-contaminated feed induced prominent granulomas 
      in the antennal gland with the characteristic crystals within 10 d of the first 
      feeding, experimentally confirming the direct relationship of 
      melamine-adulterated feed to the unique pathology observed.
FAU - Lightner, Donald V
AU  - Lightner DV
AD  - Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Science and 
      Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. 
      dvl@u.arizona.edu
FAU - Pantoja, Carlos R
AU  - Pantoja CR
FAU - Redman, Rita M
AU  - Redman RM
FAU - Hasson, Kenneth W
AU  - Hasson KW
FAU - Menon, Jayagopal Pozoth
AU  - Menon JP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - Germany
TA  - Dis Aquat Organ
JT  - Diseases of aquatic organisms
JID - 8807037
RN  - 0 (Triazines)
RN  - N3GP2YSD88 (melamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animal Feed/analysis
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - India
MH  - Indonesia
MH  - Penaeidae/*drug effects
MH  - Triazines/*toxicity
EDAT- 2009/11/12 06:00
MHDA- 2009/12/18 06:00
CRDT- 2009/11/12 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/12/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3354/dao02111 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dis Aquat Organ. 2009 Sep 23;86(2):107-12. doi: 10.3354/dao02111.