PMID- 19926235
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100505
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1872-6283 (Electronic)
IS  - 0379-0738 (Linking)
VI  - 194
IP  - 1-3
DP  - 2010 Jan 30
TI  - Determination of amphetamine-type stimulants, ketamine and metabolites in 
      fingernails by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PG  - 108-14
LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.10.023 [doi]
AB  - A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed and validated 
      for the simultaneous qualification and quantification of methamphetamine (MA), 
      amphetamine (AP), 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA), 
      3,4-methylenedioxy-N-amphetamine (MDA), ketamine (KET) and norketamine (NKT) in 
      fingernails. Fingernail samples (20mg) were washed with distilled water and 
      methanol, digested with 1.0M sodium hydroxide at 95 degrees C for 30 min, and 
      then extracted with ethyl acetate. Extract solutions were evaporated to dryness, 
      derivatized using heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA) at 60 degrees C for 30 min, 
      and analyzed by GC-MS. The linear ranges were 0.1-20.0 ng/mg for AP, MDMA and 
      NKT, 0.2-20.0 ng/mg for MA and MDA, and 0.4-20.0 ng/mg for KET, with the 
      coefficients of determination (r(2)>or=0.9989). The intra- and inter-day 
      precisions were within 7.1% and 10.6%, respectively. The intra- and inter-day 
      accuracies were -10.9% to 0.8% and -4.3% to 4.5%, respectively. The limits of 
      detections (LODs) and the limits of quantifications (LOQs) for each analyte were 
      lower than 0.094 ng/mg and 0.314 ng/mg, respectively. The recoveries were in the 
      range of 72.3-94.9%. The average fingernail growth rates of two subjects for 
      three years and six subjects for two months were 3.12 mm/month and 3.16 mm/month, 
      respectively. The method proved to be suitable also for the simultaneous 
      detection and quantification of MA, MDMA, KET and their metabolites in 
      fingernails.
CI  - 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kim, Jin Young
AU  - Kim JY
AD  - Drug Analysis Laboratory, Forensic Science Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office, 
      Seoul, Republic of Korea. paxus@spo.go.kr
FAU - Shin, Soon Ho
AU  - Shin SH
FAU - In, Moon Kyo
AU  - In MK
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20091118
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Forensic Sci Int
JT  - Forensic science international
JID - 7902034
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 0 (Analgesics)
RN  - 690G0D6V8H (Ketamine)
RN  - XQY6JVF94X (norketamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amphetamines/*analysis
MH  - Analgesics/*analysis
MH  - Forensic Toxicology/methods
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Ketamine/analogs & derivatives/*analysis
MH  - Nails/*chemistry/growth & development
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/methods
EDAT- 2009/11/21 06:00
MHDA- 2010/05/06 06:00
CRDT- 2009/11/21 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/10/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/10/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/11/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/05/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0379-0738(09)00434-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.10.023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Forensic Sci Int. 2010 Jan 30;194(1-3):108-14. doi: 
      10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.10.023. Epub 2009 Nov 18.