PMID- 19928391
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100225
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 0161-8105 (Print)
IS  - 1550-9109 (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-8105 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 11
DP  - 2009 Nov
TI  - Effects of acute 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on sleep and daytime 
      sleepiness in MDMA users: a preliminary study.
PG  - 1513-9
AB  - STUDY OBJECTIVE: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) affects monoamine 
      neurotransmitters that play a critical role in sleep and daytime alertness. 
      However, the acute effects of MDMA on sleep and daytime sleepiness have not been 
      studied under placebo-controlled conditions. This study was designed to establish 
      the effects of acute MDMA or placebo administration and sleep restriction on 
      sleep and daytime sleepiness. DESIGN: Participants with a history of MDMA use 
      were studied on 3 sessions of 3 nights (baseline, treatment, and recovery) and 2 
      days (following night 2 and 3) per session. On treatment nights (night 2), 
      participants received placebo or 2 mg/kg of MDMA or underwent a restricted bed 
      schedule with placebo. Sleep restriction was a positive control to compare sleep 
      loss and consequent sleepiness associated with MDMA use. The scheduled sleep 
      period was 8 hours long on nonrestricted nights, and standard sleep recordings 
      and daytime sleepiness tests were conducted. Age-matched controls received 1 
      night and day of standard sleep and daytime sleepiness testing. SETTING: Sleep 
      laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Seven recreational MDMA-users and 13 matched control 
      subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Acute MDMA shortened sleep primarily by 
      increasing sleep latency, and it reduced stage 3/4 sleep and suppressed rapid eye 
      movement (REM) sleep. The MDMA-reduced sleep time was not associated with 
      increased daytime sleepiness the following day, as was seen in the 
      sleep-restriction condition. Compared with control subjects, the MDMA users on 
      the first night in the laboratory had shorter total sleep times and less stage 
      3/4 sleep. Average daily sleep latency on daytime sleepiness tests the day after 
      nighttime placebo administration was increased in MDMA users compared with the 
      control subjects, and MDMA users had an elevated number of sleep-onset REM 
      periods on these tests, compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Acute MDMA 
      administration disrupts sleep and REM sleep, specifically, without producing 
      daytime sleepiness such as sleep restriction does. Compared with control 
      subjects, recreational MDMA users showed evidence of hyperarousal and impaired 
      REM function. The mechanism behind these effects is likely due to the deleterious 
      effects of MDMA on catecholamines.
FAU - Randall, Surilla
AU  - Randall S
AD  - Sleep Disorders & Research Center Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 
      48202, USA. srandal1@hfhs.org
FAU - Johanson, Chris-Ellyn
AU  - Johanson CE
FAU - Tancer, Manuel
AU  - Tancer M
FAU - Roehrs, Timothy
AU  - Roehrs T
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DA014874/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01-DA14874/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Controlled Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PL  - United States
TA  - Sleep
JT  - Sleep
JID - 7809084
RN  - 0 (Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Adult
MH  - Amphetamine-Related Disorders/complications/physiopathology/*psychology
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Polysomnography
MH  - Recovery of Function
MH  - Sleep/*drug effects
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Wakefulness/*drug effects
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC2768958
EDAT- 2009/11/26 06:00
MHDA- 2010/02/26 06:00
PMCR- 2010/05/01
CRDT- 2009/11/26 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/02/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1093/sleep/32.11.1513 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sleep. 2009 Nov;32(11):1513-9. doi: 10.1093/sleep/32.11.1513.