PMID- 19931305
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100514
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1879-016X (Electronic)
IS  - 0163-7258 (Linking)
VI  - 125
IP  - 2
DP  - 2010 Feb
TI  - Glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: targets and new therapies.
PG  - 328-61
LID - 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.11.001 [doi]
AB  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide public health challenge. Despite 
      the availability of many antidiabetes agents and pharmacotherapies targeting 
      cardiovascular risk factors, the morbidity, mortality and economic consequences 
      of T2DM are still a great burden to patients, society, health care systems and 
      the economy. The need for new therapies for glycaemic control is compounded by 
      the fact that existing treatments have limitations either because of their side 
      effects (particularly weight gain and hypoglycaemia) or contraindications that 
      limit their use. Furthermore, none of the current therapies have a significant 
      impact on disease progression. Incretin-based therapies offer a new therapeutic 
      approach to the management of T2DM, and there are also several even newer 
      therapies in development. There are two groups of incretin-based therapies 
      currently available; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and GLP-1 
      analogues/mimetics. The former are given orally while the latter subcutaneously. 
      These drugs result in glucose-dependent insulin secretion and glucose-dependent 
      glucagon suppression, with consequent low risk of hypoglycaemia when used as 
      mono- or combination therapy (except when used with sulphonylureas). In addition, 
      they are either weight neutral in the case of DPP-4 inhibitors or cause weight 
      loss in the case of incretin mimetics/analogues. Furthermore, animal studies have 
      shown that these agents prolong beta cell survival which offers the theoretical 
      possibility of slowing the progression to T2DM. In this article we will review 
      the currently available antidiabetes agents with particular emphasis on 
      incretin-based and future therapies. In addition, we will review and discuss the 
      evidence relating to glycaemic control and cardiovascular disease.
CI  - 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Tahrani, Abd A
AU  - Tahrani AA
AD  - Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, 
      Birmingham, UK. a.a.tahrani@bham.ac.uk
FAU - Piya, Milan K
AU  - Piya MK
FAU - Kennedy, Amy
AU  - Kennedy A
FAU - Barnett, Anthony H
AU  - Barnett AH
LA  - eng
GR  - RTF/01/094/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom
GR  - CAPMC/CIHR/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20091118
PL  - England
TA  - Pharmacol Ther
JT  - Pharmacology & therapeutics
JID - 7905840
RN  - 0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Incretins)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology
MH  - Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic 
      use
MH  - Drug Administration Routes
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use
MH  - Incretins/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/*therapeutic use
RF  - 280
EDAT- 2009/11/26 06:00
MHDA- 2010/05/15 06:00
CRDT- 2009/11/26 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/11/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/11/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/05/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0163-7258(09)00211-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.11.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Feb;125(2):328-61. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.11.001. 
      Epub 2009 Nov 18.