PMID- 19932865
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100311
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1879-0739 (Electronic)
IS  - 0271-5317 (Print)
IS  - 0271-5317 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 11
DP  - 2009 Nov
TI  - Higher habitual intake of dietary fat and carbohydrates are associated with lower 
      leptin and higher ghrelin concentrations in overweight and obese postmenopausal 
      women with elevated insulin levels.
PG  - 768-76
LID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.10.013 [doi]
AB  - A highly regulated homeostatic system governs body weight; however, it is 
      possible that this system might be impaired by the sustained intake of highly 
      palatable foods. Short-term feeding studies suggest that the appetite-stimulating 
      hormone ghrelin is suppressed less effectively by dietary fat intake, and diets 
      high in sucrose decrease levels of the adipose hormone leptin. We hypothesized 
      that higher habitual intake of dietary fat and carbohydrate (CHO) would be 
      associated with elevated concentrations of circulating plasma ghrelin and lower 
      circulating leptin in humans, a hormonal profile that could promote weight gain. 
      To test our hypothesis, we examined the cross-sectional associations of ghrelin 
      and leptin with the habitual macronutrient intake of 165 healthy overweight and 
      obese sedentary women and tested the modifying role of insulin in these 
      associations. We observed a significant inverse association between leptin 
      concentrations and percentage energy from CHO independent of body mass index, 
      percentage body fat, age, and intraabdominal fat (beta = -0.11 P = .04). No 
      significant associations were observed between ghrelin and macronutrients or 
      their subtypes among the total cohort. Among women with insulin concentrations at 
      or greater than the median, we found a statistically significant positive 
      association between intake of saturated fat and ghrelin concentrations, as well 
      as additional statistically significant associations between leptin 
      concentrations and macronutrients not observed among the total cohort. Our 
      results provide some evidence that diets higher in fat and CHO are associated 
      with a hormonal profile (ie, lower leptin and higher ghrelin concentrations), 
      which could enhance weight gain, particularly among individuals with higher 
      circulating insulin concentrations.
FAU - Kong, Angela
AU  - Kong A
AD  - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program, Seattle, WA 
      98109, USA.
FAU - Neuhouser, Marian L
AU  - Neuhouser ML
FAU - Xiao, Liren
AU  - Xiao L
FAU - Ulrich, Cornelia M
AU  - Ulrich CM
FAU - McTiernan, Anne
AU  - McTiernan A
FAU - Foster-Schubert, Karen E
AU  - Foster-Schubert KE
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 CA69334/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R25 CA94880/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R25 CA094880/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA069334-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2 RR025015/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 5 KL2 RR025015-03/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 TR000423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 CA116847/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 CA116847-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - KL2 RR025015-03/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R25 CA094880-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PL  - United States
TA  - Nutr Res
JT  - Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 8303331
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Ghrelin)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Leptin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Fats/*administration & dosage
MH  - Fatty Acids/administration & dosage
MH  - Feeding Behavior
MH  - Female
MH  - Ghrelin/*blood
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperinsulinism/*blood/complications
MH  - Insulin/*blood
MH  - Leptin/*blood
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Obesity/blood/complications
MH  - Overweight/*blood/complications
MH  - Postmenopause/blood
PMC - PMC2784426
MID - NIHMS153287
EDAT- 2009/11/26 06:00
MHDA- 2010/03/12 06:00
PMCR- 2010/11/01
CRDT- 2009/11/26 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/10/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/10/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/11/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/03/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0271-5317(09)00198-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.10.013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Res. 2009 Nov;29(11):768-76. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.10.013.