PMID- 19962183
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100715
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1879-3231 (Electronic)
IS  - 0093-691X (Linking)
VI  - 73
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Feb
TI  - Venous blood lactate evaluation in equine neonatal intensive care.
PG  - 343-57
LID - 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.018 [doi]
AB  - The use of blood lactate concentration as an indicator of prognosis and disease 
      severity has become a common practice in equine medicine, especially with the 
      validation of handheld analyzers. However, few authors described lactate 
      concentration in critically ill foals, and there are no published studies about 
      the use of handheld analyzers in neonatal foals. In this study, for the first 
      time in the equine neonate, we validated the Lactate Scout analyzer, both in 
      healthy and in critically ill foals. The study also describes the normal range 
      for blood lactate in 26 healthy neonatal foals during the first 72 h of life. 
      Moreover, the utility of venous lactate measurement in 88 critically ill foals 
      was determined, describing lactate values in the most common neonatal 
      pathologies, evaluating serial blood lactate measurements, and investigating its 
      prognostic value. The comparison with the enzymatic-colorimetric reference method 
      showed that the Lactate Scout analyzer is reliable. The mean difference (bias 
      +/-2SD) between the two methods was close to zero for all comparisons, and the SD 
      of difference was +/-0.76 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.58 to 1.40 
      mmol/L. In healthy foals, blood lactate concentrations at birth and at 12h of 
      life were statistically higher (P<0.01) than lactate concentrations measured at 
      subsequent times. In critically ill foals, the highest lactate concentration at 
      admission was found in hemorrhagic shock, septic shock, and complicated perinatal 
      asphyxia syndrome (PAS). Our results showed that hyperlactatemia, although it 
      does not provide diagnostic information, indicates the severity of illness and 
      the need for an early and aggressive intervention. This could be very useful both 
      during hospitalization and in the field to support veterinarians in making a 
      decision about referral. Furthermore lactatemia proved to be a reliable 
      prognostic parameter: In nonsurviving foals, hyperlactatemia persisted during the 
      entire hospitalization, whereas in survivors there were no significant 
      differences after 24h from admission. Because prognostic parameters have certain 
      limitations, hyperlactatemia should not be used alone to decide whether to 
      discontinue treatments in critically ill foals. A careful and complete clinical 
      examination is always essential.
CI  - 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Castagnetti, C
AU  - Castagnetti C
AD  - Veterinary Clinical Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ozzano Emilia, 
      Bologna, Italy. carolina.castagnetti@unibo.it
FAU - Pirrone, A
AU  - Pirrone A
FAU - Mariella, J
AU  - Mariella J
FAU - Mari, G
AU  - Mari G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20091203
PL  - United States
TA  - Theriogenology
JT  - Theriogenology
JID - 0421510
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn/*blood
MH  - Blood Chemical Analysis/instrumentation/veterinary
MH  - Horse Diseases/*diagnosis
MH  - Horses
MH  - Hospitals, Animal
MH  - Lactic Acid/*blood
MH  - Prognosis
EDAT- 2009/12/08 06:00
MHDA- 2010/07/16 06:00
CRDT- 2009/12/08 06:00
PHST- 2008/10/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/09/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/09/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/12/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/12/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/07/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0093-691X(09)00432-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Theriogenology. 2010 Feb;73(3):343-57. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.018. 
      Epub 2009 Dec 3.