PMID- 19963218
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100405
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1217
IP  - 4
DP  - 2010 Jan 22
TI  - Characterization of military fog oil by comprehensive two-dimensional gas 
      chromatography.
PG  - 550-7
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.054 [doi]
AB  - The most commonly used military fog oil is characterized by comprehensive 
      two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) coupled to either Flame Ionization 
      Detection (FID) or Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Detection (TOFMS) to advance 
      the knowledge regarding the complete chemical makeup of this complex matrix. Two 
      different GC x GC column sets were investigated, one employing a non-polar column 
      combined with a shape selective column and the other an inverse column set 
      (medium-polar/non-polar). The inverse set maximizes the use of the 
      two-dimensional separation space and segregates aliphatic from aromatic 
      fractions. The shape selective column best separates individual polycyclic 
      aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the bulk oil. The results reveal that fog oil 
      (FO) is composed mainly of aliphatic compounds ranging from C(10) to C(30), where 
      naphthenes comprise the major fraction. Although many different species of 
      aromatics are present, they constitute only a minor fraction in this oil, and no 
      conjugated PAHs are found. The composition of chemically similar aliphatic 
      constituents limits the analytical power of silica gel fractionation and GC-MS 
      analysis to characterize FO. Among the aliphatic compounds identified are 
      alkanes, cyclohexanes, hexahydroindanes, decalins, adamantanes, and 
      bicyclohexane. The aromatic fraction is composed of alkylbenzene compounds, 
      indanes, tetrahydronaphthalenes, partially hydrogenated PAHs, biphenyls, 
      dibenzofurans and dibenzothiophenes. This work represents the best 
      characterization of military fog oil to date. As the characterization process 
      shows, information on such complex samples can only be parsed using a combination 
      of sample preprocessing steps, multiple detection schemes, and an intelligent 
      selection of column chemistries.
CI  - Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Kohl, Anja
AU  - Kohl A
AD  - US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, 2902 
      Newmark Drive, Champaign, IL 61822, USA.
FAU - Cochran, Jack
AU  - Cochran J
FAU - Cropek, Donald M
AU  - Cropek DM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20091120
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Acyclic)
RN  - 0 (Oils)
RN  - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
RN  - 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/instrumentation/*methods
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Acyclic/isolation & purification
MH  - Oils/*chemistry
MH  - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/isolation & purification
MH  - Silicon Dioxide/chemistry
EDAT- 2009/12/08 06:00
MHDA- 2010/04/07 06:00
CRDT- 2009/12/08 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/11/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/11/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/12/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/12/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/04/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0021-9673(09)01733-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.054 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2010 Jan 22;1217(4):550-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.054. 
      Epub 2009 Nov 20.