PMID- 20004722
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100511
LR  - 20100222
IS  - 1095-9947 (Electronic)
IS  - 1050-4648 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Mar
TI  - Immersion exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry to wildtype 
      Flavobacterium psychrophilum induces no mortality, but protects against later 
      intraperitoneal challenge.
PG  - 440-4
LID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.11.025 [doi]
AB  - Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of RTFS or rainbow trout fry 
      syndrome, causes high mortality among hatchery reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus 
      mykiss) fry in Europe and the USA. Despite several attempts, no efficient 
      vaccines have yet been developed, the main obstacle being that the fry have to be 
      vaccinated very early, i.e. around 0.2-0.5 g, where RTFS usually starts to give 
      problems in the fish farms. Consequently, only oral or bath vaccines are 
      relevant. Immersion of fry in inactivated or attenuated bacteria has resulted in 
      RPS values of less than 50%. However, the results are biased by the fact that the 
      fish have been challenged by intraperitoneal (ip) or subcutaneous (sc) injection 
      against which an immersion/oral vaccine may not protect. Therefore, the present 
      study was undertaken in order to investigate whether the presumably most potent 
      immersion immunization, i.e. bathing in high titres of non-attenuated isolates of 
      F. psychrophilum, was able to induce immunity to a subsequent ip challenge. 
      Immersion in live bacteria for 30 or 50 min caused no mortality and protected a 
      major fraction of the fry against challenges 26 and 47 days later with RPS values 
      of 88.2 and 60.3%, respectively. Increased specific antibody titres suggested 
      that adaptive immune mechanisms were involved in the protection.
CI  - Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lorenzen, E
AU  - Lorenzen E
AD  - National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Hangovej 2, 
      Arhus, Denmark. ello@vet.dtu.dk
FAU - Brudeseth, B E
AU  - Brudeseth BE
FAU - Wiklund, T
AU  - Wiklund T
FAU - Lorenzen, N
AU  - Lorenzen N
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20091214
PL  - England
TA  - Fish Shellfish Immunol
JT  - Fish & shellfish immunology
JID - 9505220
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Vaccines)
RN  - 0 (Vaccines, Inactivated)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
MH  - Bacterial Vaccines/*administration & dosage/*immunology
MH  - Fish Diseases/*immunology/mortality/virology
MH  - Fisheries/methods
MH  - Flavobacteriaceae Infections/immunology/mortality/*veterinary
MH  - Flavobacterium/*immunology
MH  - *Immersion
MH  - Injections, Intraperitoneal
MH  - Oncorhynchus mykiss/*immunology
MH  - Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage/immunology
EDAT- 2009/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2010/05/12 06:00
CRDT- 2009/12/17 06:00
PHST- 2008/12/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/11/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/12/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/05/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1050-4648(09)00379-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.11.025 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2010 Mar;28(3):440-4. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.11.025. 
      Epub 2009 Dec 14.