PMID- 20029382
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20101103
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 1476-5497 (Electronic)
IS  - 0307-0565 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Mar
TI  - A free-choice high-fat high-sugar diet induces changes in arcuate neuropeptide 
      expression that support hyperphagia.
PG  - 537-46
LID - 10.1038/ijo.2009.257 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The mechanisms for how saturated fat and sugar-based beverages 
      contribute to human obesity are poorly understood. This paper describes a series 
      of experiments developed to examine the response of hypothalamic neuropeptides to 
      diets rich in sugar and fat, using three different diets: a high-fat high-sugar 
      (HFHS) choice diet with access to chow, saturated fat and a 30% sugar solution; a 
      high-fat (HF) choice diet with access to chow and saturated fat; or to a 
      high-sugar (HS) choice diet with access to chow and a sugar solution. METHOD: We 
      first studied caloric intake, body weight gain, hormonal alterations and 
      hypothalamic neuropeptide expression when male Wistar rats were subjected to an 
      HFHS choice, an HF choice or an HS choice diet for 1 week. Next, we studied 
      caloric intake and body weight gain when rats were subjected to the choice diets 
      for 5 weeks. Finally, we measured neuropeptide expression in hepatic vagotomized 
      rats subjected to an HFHS choice, an HF choice or an HS choice diet for 1 week. 
      RESULTS: In rats on an HF choice diet, plasma leptin concentrations and 
      proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA increased and neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA 
      decreased. Rats on an HFHS choice diet showed identical plasma leptin 
      concentrations as rats on an HF choice diet. However, NPY mRNA increased and POMC 
      mRNA decreased. An HS choice diet for 1 week did not alter hypothalamic 
      neuropeptide expression or plasma leptin concentrations. As hormonal changes did 
      not explain the differences in hypothalamic neuropeptide expression between rats 
      on the choice diets, we addressed whether neuronal feedback signals mediated the 
      hypothalamic neuropeptide response. The POMC mRNA response to different diets 
      depended on an intact innervation of liver and upper intestinal tract. 
      CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the specific combination of saturated fat and a 
      30% sugar solution results in hyperphagia-induced obesity and alters hypothalamic 
      neuropeptide expression, and that the response of the melanocortin system is 
      mediated by the hepatic vagus.
FAU - la Fleur, S E
AU  - la Fleur SE
AD  - Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience and 
      Pharmacology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 
      s.e.lafleur@amc.uva.nl
FAU - van Rozen, A J
AU  - van Rozen AJ
FAU - Luijendijk, M C M
AU  - Luijendijk MC
FAU - Groeneweg, F
AU  - Groeneweg F
FAU - Adan, R A H
AU  - Adan RA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20091222
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Obes (Lond)
JT  - International journal of obesity (2005)
JID - 101256108
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Sucrose)
RN  - 0 (Leptin)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptide Y)
RN  - 66796-54-1 (Pro-Opiomelanocortin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight/physiology
MH  - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage/*adverse effects
MH  - Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage/*adverse effects
MH  - Energy Intake/physiology
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Hyperphagia/blood/*complications/physiopathology
MH  - Leptin/blood
MH  - Liver/innervation
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuropeptide Y/*blood
MH  - Obesity/blood/*etiology/physiopathology
MH  - Pro-Opiomelanocortin/blood
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
EDAT- 2009/12/24 06:00
MHDA- 2010/11/04 06:00
CRDT- 2009/12/24 06:00
PHST- 2009/12/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/12/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/11/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - ijo2009257 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/ijo.2009.257 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Mar;34(3):537-46. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.257. Epub 2009 
      Dec 22.