PMID- 20033462
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100715
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1432-0932 (Electronic)
IS  - 0940-6719 (Print)
IS  - 0940-6719 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 2
DP  - 2010 Feb
TI  - Motor cortical hyperexcitability in idiopathic scoliosis: could focal dystonia be 
      a subclinical etiological factor?
PG  - 223-30
LID - 10.1007/s00586-009-1243-y [doi]
AB  - The aetiology of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) remains unknown; however, there is a 
      growing body of evidence suggesting that the spine deformity could be the 
      expression of a subclinical nervous system disorder. A defective sensory input or 
      an anomalous sensorimotor integration may lead to an abnormal postural tone and 
      therefore the development of a spine deformity. Inhibition of the motor 
      cortico-cortical excitability is abnormal in dystonia. Therefore, the study of 
      cortico-cortical inhibition may shed some insight into the dystonia hypothesis 
      regarding the pathophysiology of IS. Paired pulse transcranial magnetic 
      stimulation was used to study cortico-cortical inhibition and facilitation in 
      nine adolescents with IS, five teenagers with congenital scoliosis (CS) and eight 
      healthy age-matched controls. The effect of a previous conditioning stimulus (80% 
      intensity of resting motor threshold) on the amplitude of the motor-evoked 
      potential induced by the test stimulus (120% of resting motor threshold) was 
      examined at various interstimulus intervals (ISIs) in both abductor pollicis 
      brevis muscles. The results of healthy adolescents and those with CS showed a 
      marked inhibitory effect of the conditioning stimulus on the response to the test 
      stimulus at interstimulus intervals shorter than 6 ms. These findings do not 
      differ from those reported for normal adults. However, children with IS revealed 
      an abnormally reduced cortico-cortical inhibition at the short ISIs. 
      Cortico-cortical inhibition was practically normal on the side of the scoliotic 
      convexity while it was significantly reduced on the side of the scoliotic 
      concavity. In conclusion, these findings support the hypothesis that a dystonic 
      dysfunction underlies in IS. Asymmetrical cortical hyperexcitability may play an 
      important role in the pathogenesis of IS and represents an objective 
      neurophysiological finding that could be used clinically.
FAU - Domenech, Julio
AU  - Domenech J
AD  - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain. 
      j.domenech@telefonica.net
FAU - Tormos, Jose Maria
AU  - Tormos JM
FAU - Barrios, Carlos
AU  - Barrios C
FAU - Pascual-Leone, Alvaro
AU  - Pascual-Leone A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20091224
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur Spine J
JT  - European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the 
      European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine 
      Research Society
JID - 9301980
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Dystonic Disorders/*complications/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Efferent Pathways/growth & development/physiopathology/radiation effects
MH  - Electromagnetic Fields
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology/radiation effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Cortex/growth & development/*physiopathology/radiation effects
MH  - Muscle Contraction/physiology
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/innervation/physiopathology
MH  - Neural Inhibition/physiology/radiation effects
MH  - Neural Pathways/growth & development/physiopathology/radiation effects
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology/radiation effects
MH  - Scoliosis/*etiology/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods
PMC - PMC2899814
EDAT- 2009/12/25 06:00
MHDA- 2010/07/16 06:00
PMCR- 2011/02/01
CRDT- 2009/12/25 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/12/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2009/12/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/12/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/07/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1243 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00586-009-1243-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur Spine J. 2010 Feb;19(2):223-30. doi: 10.1007/s00586-009-1243-y. Epub 2009 Dec 
      24.