PMID- 20044224
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100518
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1872-6283 (Electronic)
IS  - 0379-0738 (Linking)
VI  - 195
IP  - 1-3
DP  - 2010 Feb 25
TI  - Detection of piperonal emitted from polymer controlled odor mimic permeation 
      systems utilizing Canis familiaris and solid phase microextraction-ion mobility 
      spectrometry.
PG  - 132-8
LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.006 [doi]
AB  - Currently, in the field of odor detection, there is generally a wider variation 
      in limit of detections (LODs) for canines than instruments. The study presented 
      in this paper introduces an improved protocol for the creation of controlled odor 
      mimic permeation system (COMPS) devices for use as standards in canine training 
      and discusses the canine detection thresholds of piperonal, a starting material 
      for the illicit drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), when exposed to 
      these devices. Additionally, this paper describes the first-ever reported direct 
      comparison of solid phase microextraction-ion mobility spectrometry (SPME-IMS) to 
      canine detection for the MDMA odorant, piperonal. The research presented shows 
      the reliability of COMPS devices as low cost field calibrants providing a wide 
      range of odorant concentrations for biological and instrumental detectors. The 
      canine LOD of piperonal emanating from the 100 ng s(-1) COMPS was found to be 1 
      ng as compared to the SPME-IMS LOD of piperonal in a static, closed system at 2 
      ng, with a linear dynamic range from 2 ng to 11 ng. The utilization of the COMPS 
      devices would allow for training that will reduce the detection variability 
      between canines and maintain improved consistency for training purposes. Since 
      both SPME and IMS are field portable technologies, it is expected that this 
      coupled method will be useful as a complement to canine detection for the field 
      detection of MDMA.
CI  - 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Macias, Michael S
AU  - Macias MS
AD  - Florida International University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 
      International Forensic Research Institute, Miami, FL 33199, USA. mmaci004@fiu.edu
FAU - Guerra-Diaz, Patricia
AU  - Guerra-Diaz P
FAU - Almirall, Jose R
AU  - Almirall JR
FAU - Furton, Kenneth G
AU  - Furton KG
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20091230
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Forensic Sci Int
JT  - Forensic science international
JID - 7902034
RN  - 0 (Benzaldehydes)
RN  - 0 (Benzodioxoles)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - KE109YAK00 (piperonal)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Benzaldehydes
MH  - *Benzodioxoles
MH  - *Crime
MH  - Dogs/*physiology
MH  - Forensic Medicine/*instrumentation
MH  - Half-Life
MH  - Hallucinogens/chemical synthesis
MH  - Illicit Drugs/chemical synthesis
MH  - Law Enforcement
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/chemical synthesis
MH  - *Odorants
MH  - Solid Phase Microextraction
MH  - Spectrum Analysis
EDAT- 2010/01/02 06:00
MHDA- 2010/05/19 06:00
CRDT- 2010/01/02 06:00
PHST- 2009/10/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/11/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2009/12/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/01/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/01/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/05/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0379-0738(09)00485-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Forensic Sci Int. 2010 Feb 25;195(1-3):132-8. doi: 
      10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.006. Epub 2009 Dec 30.