PMID- 20064115
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120203
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 1755-3768 (Electronic)
IS  - 1755-375X (Linking)
VI  - 89
IP  - 7
DP  - 2011 Nov
TI  - VIP, PACAP-38, BDNF and ADNP in NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in the rat retina.
PG  - 670-5
LID - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01828.x [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate 
      (NMDA) on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), pituitary adenylate 
      cyclase-activating peptide-38 (PACAP-38), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and 
      the VIP-associated glial protein activity-dependent neuroprotective protein 
      (ADNP) in the rat retina. These elements have well-documented neuroprotective 
      properties and may thus be integrated in endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms in 
      the retina which break down in NMDA excitotoxicity. METHODS: A volume of 2 mul of 
      100 nmol NMDA was intravitreally injected into one eye of rats, the untreated eye 
      served as a control. Time-dependent effects of NMDA on VIP, PACAP-38 and BDNF 
      were detected by radioimmunoassay and ELISA, and the effect on the expression of 
      VIP, PACAP-38 and ADNP was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR 20 days after NMDA 
      injection. Topical flunarizine served to find out whether the effect of NMDA is 
      counteracted. RESULTS: Compared to PACAP-38, VIP levels significantly decreased 
      on days 1, 7, 14, 28 and 56 after NMDA injection indicating that VIPergic cells 
      are more vulnerable than PACAP-38-expressing cells. The expression of VIP and 
      ADNP but not of PACAP-38 was found to be reduced, and application of topical 
      flunarizine counteracted the decrease of VIP. BDNF levels significantly increased 
      after days 1 and 3. CONCLUSION: The early upregulation of BDNF seems to act 
      neuroprotectively and leads to a delay of ganglion cell loss. Although there is 
      no direct evidence, the decrease of VIP and ADNP - the consequence of the 
      presence of NMDA receptors on these peptide-expressing cells - might contribute 
      to the breakdown of endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms given that the decrease 
      of the VIP-related ADNP runs in parallel with the decrease of VIP. Activating and 
      maintaining these mechanisms must be the primary aim in the therapy of diseases 
      with retinal neuronal degeneration.
CI  - (c) 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation (c) 2010 Acta Ophthalmol.
FAU - Teuchner, Barbara
AU  - Teuchner B
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
FAU - Dimmer, Andreas
AU  - Dimmer A
FAU - Humpel, Christian
AU  - Humpel C
FAU - Amberger, Albert
AU  - Amberger A
FAU - Fischer-Colbrie, Reiner
AU  - Fischer-Colbrie R
FAU - Nemeth, Jozsef
AU  - Nemeth J
FAU - Waschek, James A
AU  - Waschek JA
FAU - Kieselbach, Gerhard
AU  - Kieselbach G
FAU - Kralinger, Martina
AU  - Kralinger M
FAU - Schmid, Eduard
AU  - Schmid E
FAU - Bechrakis, Nikolaos
AU  - Bechrakis N
FAU - Troger, Josef
AU  - Troger J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20100108
PL  - England
TA  - Acta Ophthalmol
JT  - Acta ophthalmologica
JID - 101468102
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptides)
RN  - 0 (Oligopeptides)
RN  - 0 (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide)
RN  - 0 (activity-dependent neurotrophic factor)
RN  - 37221-79-7 (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)
RN  - 6384-92-5 (N-Methylaspartate)
RN  - R7PLA2DM0J (Flunarizine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists/*toxicity
MH  - Flunarizine/administration & dosage
MH  - Intravitreal Injections
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methylaspartate/*toxicity
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Neuropeptides/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Oligopeptides
MH  - Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Radioimmunoassay
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Retina/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Up-Regulation
MH  - Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/genetics/*metabolism
EDAT- 2010/01/13 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/04 06:00
CRDT- 2010/01/13 06:00
PHST- 2010/01/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/01/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - AOS1828 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01828.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Ophthalmol. 2011 Nov;89(7):670-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01828.x. 
      Epub 2010 Jan 8.