PMID- 20064778
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110328
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 1552-9924 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 118
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Mar
TI  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclodecane (HBCD) in 
      composite U.S. food samples.
PG  - 357-62
LID - 10.1289/ehp.0901345 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to update previous U.S. market basket surveys 
      of levels and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) dietary intake calculations. 
      This study also quantifies hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) levels in U.S.-purchased 
      foods for the first time and estimates U.S. dietary intake of HBCD. This is part 
      of a larger market basket study reported in two companion articles, of current 
      levels of certain persistent organic pollutants (POPs) PBDEs, HBCD, 
      perfluorinated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, and pesticides in composite 
      food samples collected in 2008-2009. METHODS: In this study, we measured 
      concentrations of 24 PBDE congeners and total HBCD in composite samples of 31 
      food types (310 samples). U.S. dietary intake of PBDEs and HBCD was estimated 
      referencing the most current U.S. Department of Agriculture loss-adjusted food 
      availability report. RESULTS: Total PBDE concentrations in food varied by food 
      type, ranging from 12 pg/g wet weight (ww) in whole milk to 1,545 pg/g ww in 
      canned sardines and 6,211 pg/g ww in butter. Total HBCD concentrations also 
      varied substantially within and among food groups, ranging from 23 pg/g in canned 
      beef chili to 593 pg/g in canned sardines. HBCD was not detected in any dairy 
      samples. Dietary intake of all PBDE congeners measured was estimated to be 50 
      ng/day, mostly from dairy consumption but also from meat and fish. HBCD intake 
      was estimated at 16 ng/day, primarily from meat consumption. CONCLUSION: PBDEs 
      and HBCDs currently contaminate some food purchased in the United States, 
      although PBDE intake estimated in this study is lower than reported in our 
      previous market basket surveys. HBCD is in food at higher levels than expected 
      based on previously reported levels in milk and blood compared with PBDE levels 
      and is comparable to European levels.
FAU - Schecter, Arnold
AU  - Schecter A
AD  - University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA. 
      arnold.schecter@utsouthwestern.edu
FAU - Haffner, Darrah
AU  - Haffner D
FAU - Colacino, Justin
AU  - Colacino J
FAU - Patel, Keyur
AU  - Patel K
FAU - Papke, Olaf
AU  - Papke O
FAU - Opel, Matthias
AU  - Opel M
FAU - Birnbaum, Linda
AU  - Birnbaum L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20091028
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Brominated)
RN  - 5I9835JO3M (hexabromocyclododecane)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dairy Products/analysis
MH  - Data Collection
MH  - *Diet/classification
MH  - Fish Products/analysis
MH  - Flame Retardants/*analysis
MH  - *Food Analysis
MH  - Food Contamination/*analysis
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Brominated/*analysis
MH  - Meat Products/analysis
MH  - United States
PMC - PMC2854763
EDAT- 2010/01/13 06:00
MHDA- 2011/03/29 06:00
PMCR- 2010/03/01
CRDT- 2010/01/13 06:00
PHST- 2009/08/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/10/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/01/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/01/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/03/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ehp-118-357 [pii]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.0901345 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Mar;118(3):357-62. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0901345. Epub 
      2009 Oct 28.