PMID- 20100034
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110720
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1097-9867 (Electronic)
IS  - 1083-7450 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Apr
TI  - Aerodynamic characteristics of nebulized terbutaline sulphate using the Andersen 
      Cascade Impactor compared to the Next Generation Impactor.
PG  - 137-45
LID - 10.3109/10837450903511194 [doi]
AB  - Characterization of the aerosol emitted from nebulizers is determined using the 
      Next Generation Impactor (NGI). The Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI) was 
      previously used but the limitation of high flow rate used decreased its uses. We 
      have investigated the use of ACI with different operational conditions compared 
      to the NGI methodology. NGI was operated at a flow rate of 15 L min(-)(1) after 
      cooling at 5 degrees C for 90 min. ACI was operated using flow rates 15 and 28.3 L min(-)(1) 
      at room (ROOM) temperature and after cooling at 5  degrees C for 60 min (COLD). ACI was 
      also operated using a flow rate 15 L min(-)(1) through the nebulizer T-piece with a 
      flow rate 28.3 L min(-)(1) through ACI (15 Mix) using the mixing valve at ROOM and 
      COLD. Two nebulizer systems, the Sidestream (SIDE) and the Aeroneb Pro (AERO) 
      were used to nebulize terbutaline sulphate respiratory solution. Overall there 
      was a highly significant difference (P < 0.001) between different ACI operating 
      conditions for FPF and MMAD of both nebulizer systems. The ACI at higher flow 
      rate increased the evaporation effect whilst cooling minimized evaporation of 
      both nebulizer systems. Hence cooling and using slow flow rate minimizes 
      evaporation effects with ACI. The ACI 15COLD results were similar to that of NGI. 
      That supports the use of ACI at inhalation flow rate 15 L min(-)(1) without fear of 
      domination of gravity on ACI stages.
FAU - Abdelrahim, Mohamed E
AU  - Abdelrahim ME
AD  - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Beni Suef, 
      Beni Suef, Egypt. mohamedemam9@yahoo.com
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20100125
PL  - England
TA  - Pharm Dev Technol
JT  - Pharmaceutical development and technology
JID - 9610932
RN  - 0 (Bronchodilator Agents)
RN  - N8ONU3L3PG (Terbutaline)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bronchodilator Agents/*chemistry
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - *Nebulizers and Vaporizers
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Terbutaline/*chemistry
EDAT- 2010/01/27 06:00
MHDA- 2011/07/21 06:00
CRDT- 2010/01/27 06:00
PHST- 2010/01/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/01/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/07/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3109/10837450903511194 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pharm Dev Technol. 2011 Apr;16(2):137-45. doi: 10.3109/10837450903511194. Epub 
      2010 Jan 25.