PMID- 20173155
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100323
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1546-3141 (Electronic)
IS  - 0361-803X (Linking)
VI  - 194
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Mar
TI  - CT and MRI findings of human herpesvirus 6-associated encephalopathy: comparison 
      with findings of herpes simplex virus encephalitis.
PG  - 754-60
LID - 10.2214/AJR.09.2548 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: It is important to differentiate human herpesvirus 6 
      (HHV-6)-associated encephalopathy from herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). 
      Although these conditions are similar with regard to involvement of the mesial 
      temporal lobe, HSE is sensitive to acyclovir but HHV-6 encephalopathy is not. We 
      compared the imaging findings of the two conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We 
      encountered eight cases of HHV-6 encephalopathy and nine cases of HSE. We divided 
      an observation time into early, middle, and late periods defined as 0-2, 3-30, 
      and more than 30 days from the onset of neurologic symptoms. Differences between 
      HHV-6 encephalopathy and HSE on CT scans in the early period and in distribution 
      and temporal changes in the affected regions on MR images in the three periods 
      were analyzed. RESULTS: At MRI in the early and middle periods, all eight 
      patients with HHV-6 encephalopathy had exclusive involvement of the mesial 
      temporal lobes, and all nine patients with HSE had involvement of both the mesial 
      temporal lobes and the extratemporal regions (p < 0.01). Among patients who 
      underwent head MRI, six of six with HHV-6 encephalopathy but none of six with HSE 
      had resolution of high signal intensity on T2-weighted and FLAIR images (p < 
      0.01). Among patients who underwent head CT in the early period, none of the four 
      with HHV-6 encephalopathy and six of the seven with HSE had abnormal findings, 
      including parenchymal swelling, decreased attenuation of affected regions, and 
      abnormal gyral enhancement (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serial MRI showed transient 
      abnormal signal intensity in the mesial temporal lobes in patients with HHV-6 
      encephalopathy but persistent abnormal signal intensity in both the mesial 
      temporal lobes and the extratemporal regions in patients with HSE. CT in the 
      early period showed no abnormality in patients with HHV-6 encephalopathy but 
      definite abnormal findings in patients with HSE. These differences may be useful 
      in the differential diagnosis of the two conditions.
FAU - Noguchi, Tomoyuki
AU  - Noguchi T
AD  - Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, 
      Saga University, Saga, Japan.
FAU - Yoshiura, Takashi
AU  - Yoshiura T
FAU - Hiwatashi, Akio
AU  - Hiwatashi A
FAU - Togao, Osamu
AU  - Togao O
FAU - Yamashita, Koji
AU  - Yamashita K
FAU - Nagao, Eiki
AU  - Nagao E
FAU - Uchino, Akira
AU  - Uchino A
FAU - Hasuo, Kanehiro
AU  - Hasuo K
FAU - Atsumi, Kazushige
AU  - Atsumi K
FAU - Matsuura, Takashi
AU  - Matsuura T
FAU - Kuroiwa, Toshiro
AU  - Kuroiwa T
FAU - Mihara, Futoshi
AU  - Mihara F
FAU - Honda, Hiroshi
AU  - Honda H
FAU - Kudo, Sho
AU  - Kudo S
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
JT  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
JID - 7708173
RN  - 0 (Contrast Media)
RN  - K2I13DR72L (Gadolinium DTPA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Child
MH  - Comorbidity
MH  - Contrast Media
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Encephalitis/*diagnosis/*virology
MH  - Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/*diagnosis
MH  - Female
MH  - Gadolinium DTPA
MH  - *Herpesvirus 6, Human
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Roseolovirus Infections/*diagnosis
MH  - Tomography, X-Ray Computed
EDAT- 2010/02/23 06:00
MHDA- 2010/03/24 06:00
CRDT- 2010/02/23 06:00
PHST- 2010/02/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/02/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/03/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - 194/3/754 [pii]
AID - 10.2214/AJR.09.2548 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010 Mar;194(3):754-60. doi: 10.2214/AJR.09.2548.