PMID- 20199797
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110222
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 79
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Apr
TI  - Residues of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human milk in Hong Kong.
PG  - 259-65
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.047 [doi]
AB  - Data on pesticide body load in the south China region are scarce. Here, we report 
      the concentrations of 24 persistent organic pollutants (POPs), in 10 pools of 
      human milk samples, collected at 2-6weeks postpartum from 238 primiparous women 
      living in Hong Kong and south China, who participated in the 2002-2003 WHO 
      exposure study. Residues were determined by gas chromatography with electron 
      capture detector and confirmed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The 
      mean levels of alpha-HCH (mean 0.6ngg(-1) fat), beta-HCH (940ngg(-1) fat), 
      gamma-HCH (1.8ngg(-1) fat), dieldrin (1.0ngg(-1) fat) and HCB (21.8ngg(-1) fat) 
      were much lower than the 1985 estimates. Mean levels of alpha-HCH, gamma-HCH, 
      dieldrin, cis-heptachlor-epoxide (0.7ngg(-1) fat), sum-chlordane (6.1ngg(-1) 
      fat), trans-nonachlor (12.0ngg(-1) fat), BDE 47 (1.9ngg(-1) fat) and sum PBDE 
      (3.4ngg(-1) fat) were comparable to the international median levels of the 15 
      other countries participating in the 2002-03 WHO exposure study. Hong Kong had 
      the highest level of beta-HCH, possibly a residual effect of previous high 
      exposures in the 1970s. Body loads of beta-HCH and chlordane were lower among 
      mothers with younger age while mothers born in mainland China had lower levels of 
      beta-HCH, cis-heptachlor-epoxide, oxy-chlordane and trans-nonachlor. Levels of 
      toxaphene, endrin, endosulfan, bromcyclene and nitrofen were not detected in all 
      or almost all of the milk pools. Continuous monitoring of POPs in human milk, 
      especially beta-HCH, is needed for surveillance and interpretation of time 
      trends, and for linkage to strict enforcement of agricultural regulations.
CI  - 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Hedley, A J
AU  - Hedley AJ
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong 
      Kong.
FAU - Hui, L L
AU  - Hui LL
FAU - Kypke, K
AU  - Kypke K
FAU - Malisch, R
AU  - Malisch R
FAU - van Leeuwen, F X R
AU  - van Leeuwen FX
FAU - Moy, G
AU  - Moy G
FAU - Wong, T W
AU  - Wong TW
FAU - Nelson, E A S
AU  - Nelson EA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100302
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 12789-03-6 (Chlordan)
RN  - 59NEE7PCAB (Hexachlorocyclohexane)
RN  - 7REL09ZX35 (pentabromodiphenyl ether)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Chlordan/analysis
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - Demography
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis
MH  - Hexachlorocyclohexane/analysis
MH  - Hong Kong
MH  - Humans
MH  - Isomerism
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Milk, Human/*chemistry
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis/classification
MH  - Postpartum Period
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2010/03/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/02/23 06:00
CRDT- 2010/03/05 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/01/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/01/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/03/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/02/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0045-6535(10)00095-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.047 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2010 Apr;79(3):259-65. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.047. Epub 
      2010 Mar 2.