PMID- 20200544
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110606
LR  - 20100902
IS  - 1476-5470 (Electronic)
IS  - 1466-4879 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 6
DP  - 2010 Sep
TI  - Signatures of natural selection and coevolution between killer cell 
      immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and HLA class I genes.
PG  - 467-78
LID - 10.1038/gene.2010.9 [doi]
AB  - Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system. In humans, 
      NK cell activities are partly controlled by the diverse killer 
      immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene family. The importance of NK cells in 
      both immunity to infection and reproduction makes KIR strong candidates for genes 
      undergoing dynamic evolution in the human genome. Using high-resolution allelic 
      typing, we investigated the potential role of natural selection in the 
      diversification of KIR in the Irish population. Higher diversity than expected is 
      observed at several loci, consistent with a history of balancing selection acting 
      to maintain several allelic variants at high frequency in the population. KIR 
      diversity is enhanced further at the haplotype level with functional 
      polymorphisms at KIR2DL4, KIR3DL1 and KIR2DS4 defining nine 'core' haplotypes. 
      Analysis of these core haplotypes in combination with human leukocyte antigen 
      (HLA) class I ligands revealed several nonrandom associations. In particular, the 
      KIR:HLA association for the core haplotype defined by KIR3DL1(*)01502 was female 
      specific and a likely consequence of negative selection acting against 
      KIR3DL1(*)01502 on an HLA-C1/C1 background. Many of the associations between KIR 
      and HLA in the Irish differ from those previously reported, which argues against 
      universal selective pressures for specific KIR:HLA combinations in diverse human 
      populations.
FAU - Guinan, K J
AU  - Guinan KJ
AD  - School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
FAU - Cunningham, R T
AU  - Cunningham RT
FAU - Meenagh, A
AU  - Meenagh A
FAU - Gonzalez, A
AU  - Gonzalez A
FAU - Dring, M M
AU  - Dring MM
FAU - McGuinness, B W
AU  - McGuinness BW
FAU - Middleton, D
AU  - Middleton D
FAU - Gardiner, C M
AU  - Gardiner CM
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100304
PL  - England
TA  - Genes Immun
JT  - Genes and immunity
JID - 100953417
RN  - 0 (KIR2DL4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (KIR2DS4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (KIR3DL1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR2DL4)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR3DL1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - *Evolution, Molecular
MH  - Female
MH  - *Gene Expression Profiling/methods
MH  - Genes, MHC Class I/*genetics
MH  - Genetic Linkage/genetics
MH  - Haplotypes/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Multigene Family/*immunology
MH  - Receptors, KIR/*genetics
MH  - Receptors, KIR2DL4/genetics
MH  - Receptors, KIR3DL1/genetics
MH  - Selection, Genetic/*genetics
EDAT- 2010/03/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/07 06:00
CRDT- 2010/03/05 06:00
PHST- 2010/03/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - gene20109 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/gene.2010.9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Genes Immun. 2010 Sep;11(6):467-78. doi: 10.1038/gene.2010.9. Epub 2010 Mar 4.