PMID- 20227921
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100806
LR  - 20191008
IS  - 1521-7035 (Electronic)
IS  - 1521-6616 (Print)
IS  - 1521-6616 (Linking)
VI  - 136
IP  - 1
DP  - 2010 Jul
TI  - d-Dimer and CRP levels are elevated prior to antiretroviral treatment in patients 
      who develop IRIS.
PG  - 42-50
LID - 10.1016/j.clim.2010.02.010 [doi]
AB  - Biomarkers could be useful in evaluating immune reconstitution inflammatory 
      syndrome (IRIS). A cohort of 45 HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral treatment 
      (ART)-naive patients with baseline CD4 T cell counts <or=100 cells/microL who 
      were started on ART, suppressed HIV-RNA to <50 copies/mL, and seen every 1-3 
      months for 1 year were retrospectively evaluated for suspected or confirmed IRIS. 
      d-Dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and selected autoantibodies were analyzed at 
      baseline, 1 and 3 months post-ART in cryopreserved plasma. Median differences 
      between cases and controls were compared with Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact 
      tests. Sixteen patients (35.6%) developed IRIS (median of 35 days post-ART 
      initiation): unmasking=8, paradoxical=7, autoimmune=1. Pre-ART d-dimer and CRP 
      were higher in IRIS cases versus controls (d-dimer: 0.89 mg/L versus 0.66 mg /L, 
      p=0.037; CRP: 0.74 mg/L versus 0.39 mg/L, p=0.022), while d-dimer was higher in 
      unmasking cases at IRIS onset (2.04 mg/L versus 0.36 mg /L, p=0.05). These 
      biomarkers may be useful in identifying patients at risk for IRIS.
CI  - (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
FAU - Porter, Brian O
AU  - Porter BO
AD  - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of 
      Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
FAU - Ouedraogo, G Laissa
AU  - Ouedraogo GL
FAU - Hodge, Jessica N
AU  - Hodge JN
FAU - Smith, Margo A
AU  - Smith MA
FAU - Pau, Alice
AU  - Pau A
FAU - Roby, Gregg
AU  - Roby G
FAU - Kwan, Richard
AU  - Kwan R
FAU - Bishop, Rachel J
AU  - Bishop RJ
FAU - Rehm, Catherine
AU  - Rehm C
FAU - Mican, JoAnn
AU  - Mican J
FAU - Sereti, Irini
AU  - Sereti I
LA  - eng
GR  - ZIA AI001121-01/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100315
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin Immunol
JT  - Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
JID - 100883537
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (Autoantibodies)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products)
RN  - 0 (HLA-A Antigens)
RN  - 0 (fibrin fragment D)
RN  - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein)
SB  - IM
EIN - Clin Immunol. 2010 Sep;136(3):462
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications/immunology
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Autoantibodies/blood/immunology
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism
MH  - CD4 Lymphocyte Count
MH  - Female
MH  - Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/*metabolism
MH  - HIV Infections/*blood/*drug therapy
MH  - HIV-1/isolation & purification
MH  - HLA-A Antigens/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory 
      Syndrome/*blood/diagnosis/*epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Leukocyte Count
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC2892199
MID - NIHMS189606
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None of the authors has any potential financial conflict 
      of interest related to this manuscript.
EDAT- 2010/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2010/08/07 06:00
PMCR- 2011/07/01
CRDT- 2010/03/16 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/02/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/02/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/03/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/08/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1521-6616(10)00051-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.clim.2010.02.010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Immunol. 2010 Jul;136(1):42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2010.02.010. Epub 2010 
      Mar 15.