PMID- 20237964
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100921
LR  - 20231105
IS  - 2629-3277 (Electronic)
IS  - 1550-8943 (Print)
IS  - 2629-3277 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 2
DP  - 2010 Jun
TI  - A biological global positioning system: considerations for tracking stem cell 
      behaviors in the whole body.
PG  - 317-33
LID - 10.1007/s12015-010-9130-9 [doi]
AB  - Many recent research studies have proposed stem cell therapy as a treatment for 
      cancer, spinal cord injuries, brain damage, cardiovascular disease, and other 
      conditions. Some of these experimental therapies have been tested in small 
      animals and, in rare cases, in humans. Medical researchers anticipate extensive 
      clinical applications of stem cell therapy in the future. The lack of basic 
      knowledge concerning basic stem cell biology-survival, migration, 
      differentiation, integration in a real time manner when transplanted into damaged 
      CNS remains an absolute bottleneck for attempt to design stem cell therapies for 
      CNS diseases. A major challenge to the development of clinical applied stem cell 
      therapy in medical practice remains the lack of efficient stem cell tracking 
      methods. As a result, the fate of the vast majority of stem cells transplanted in 
      the human central nervous system (CNS), particularly in the detrimental effects, 
      remains unknown. The paucity of knowledge concerning basic stem cell 
      biology--survival, migration, differentiation, integration in real-time when 
      transplanted into damaged CNS remains a bottleneck in the attempt to design stem 
      cell therapies for CNS diseases. Even though excellent histological techniques 
      remain as the gold standard, no good in vivo techniques are currently available 
      to assess the transplanted graft for migration, differentiation, or survival. To 
      address these issues, herein we propose strategies to investigate the lineage 
      fate determination of derived human embryonic stem cells (hESC) transplanted in 
      vivo into the CNS. Here, we describe a comprehensive biological Global 
      Positioning System (bGPS) to track transplanted stem cells. But, first, we 
      review, four currently used standard methods for tracking stem cells in vivo: 
      magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bioluminescence imaging (BLI), positron 
      emission tomography (PET) imaging and fluorescence imaging (FLI) with quantum 
      dots. We summarize these modalities and propose criteria that can be employed to 
      rank the practical usefulness for specific applications. Based on the results of 
      this review, we argue that additional qualities are still needed to advance these 
      modalities toward clinical applications. We then discuss an ideal procedure for 
      labeling and tracking stem cells in vivo, finally, we present a novel imaging 
      system based on our experiments.
FAU - Li, Shengwen Calvin
AU  - Li SC
AD  - Center for Neuroscience and Stem Cell Research, Children's Hospital of Orange 
      County Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 455 South Main 
      Street, Orange, CA 92868, USA. shengwel@uci.edu
FAU - Tachiki, Lisa May Ling
AU  - Tachiki LM
FAU - Luo, Jane
AU  - Luo J
FAU - Dethlefs, Brent A
AU  - Dethlefs BA
FAU - Chen, Zhongping
AU  - Chen Z
FAU - Loudon, William G
AU  - Loudon WG
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 EB000293-08/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA091717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA091717-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - CA 91717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P41 RR001192/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - EB-00293/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 EB000293/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Stem Cell Rev Rep
JT  - Stem cell reviews and reports
JID - 101752767
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Positron-Emission Tomography
MH  - Quantum Dots
MH  - Stem Cells/*cytology
MH  - Whole Body Imaging/*methods
PMC - PMC2887536
COIS- All the authors declared no financial conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2010/03/20 06:00
MHDA- 2010/09/23 06:00
PMCR- 2010/03/18
CRDT- 2010/03/19 06:00
PHST- 2010/03/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/09/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 9130 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s12015-010-9130-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2010 Jun;6(2):317-33. doi: 10.1007/s12015-010-9130-9.