PMID- 20345242
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100720
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1537-5293 (Electronic)
IS  - 1522-2152 (Linking)
VI  - 83
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 May-Jun
TI  - Effects of experimental manipulations of salinity and maturation status on the 
      physiological condition and mortality of homing adult sockeye salmon held in a 
      laboratory.
PG  - 459-72
LID - 10.1086/650473 [doi]
AB  - Relatively little is known about the physiological response and mortality 
      consequences of the return of anadromous fish to freshwater (FW). We explored the 
      consequences of the return to FW by collecting maturing sockeye salmon from the 
      marine waters off the mouth of the Fraser River and holding approximately 50 
      sockeye in each of five treatments: saltwater (SW; salinity = 28 ppt), 
      iso-osmotic water (ISO; 13 ppt), FW (0 ppt), SW + gonadotropin-releasing hormone 
      (SW + GnRH), and FW + GnRH. Exogenous GnRH treatments were intended to accelerate 
      maturation. Results demonstrate that gill Na(+),K(+) ATPase activity, sex steroid 
      concentrations, and cortisol levels were highly responsive to experimental 
      manipulations and followed predicted trajectories (i.e., FW + GnRH sockeye were 
      the most mature and FW adapted). There were few among-treatment differences in 
      hematocrit and plasma concentrations of lactate, glucose, Na(+), Cl(-), and 
      plasma osmolality among sockeye that survived to the end of treatments, 
      indicating that sockeye rigorously maintain internal homeostatic conditions while 
      alive. There were large among-treatment differences in mortality (SW+GnRH > SW> 
      FW+GnRH > FW=ISO), and each treatment experienced a notable increase in mortality 
      rate around the fifth day of treatment. Our results indicate that salinity 
      represented a modestly larger challenge to the experimental sockeye than did the 
      artificially accelerated sexual maturation. Our results also suggest that 
      maturing sockeye either successfully acclimate to FW within 5 d of exposure or 
      perish. These findings are consistent with the predictions of the theory of 
      anadromy, in suggesting that the return of adults to FW can be physiologically 
      challenging and can represent a period of significant natural mortality.
FAU - Cooperman, M S
AU  - Cooperman MS
AD  - Centre for Applied Conservation Research, Department of Forest Sciences, 
      University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada. 
      michael.cooperman@noaa.gov
FAU - Hinch, S G
AU  - Hinch SG
FAU - Crossin, G T
AU  - Crossin GT
FAU - Cooke, S J
AU  - Cooke SJ
FAU - Patterson, D A
AU  - Patterson DA
FAU - Olsson, I
AU  - Olsson I
FAU - Lotto, A G
AU  - Lotto AG
FAU - Welch, D W
AU  - Welch DW
FAU - Shrimpton, J M
AU  - Shrimpton JM
FAU - Van Der Kraak, G
AU  - Van Der Kraak G
FAU - Farrell, A P
AU  - Farrell AP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Physiol Biochem Zool
JT  - Physiological and biochemical zoology : PBZ
JID - 100883369
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - Animal Migration/*physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Mortality
MH  - *Salinity
MH  - Salmon/*physiology
MH  - Sexual Maturation/*physiology
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Water/*chemistry
EDAT- 2010/03/30 06:00
MHDA- 2010/07/21 06:00
CRDT- 2010/03/30 06:00
PHST- 2010/03/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/07/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1086/650473 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Physiol Biochem Zool. 2010 May-Jun;83(3):459-72. doi: 10.1086/650473.