PMID- 20355214
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100625
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1942-7611 (Electronic)
IS  - 1942-7603 (Linking)
VI  - 1
IP  - 7
DP  - 2009 Jul
TI  - Enhancement in sample collection for the detection of MDMA using a novel planar 
      SPME (PSPME) device coupled to ion mobility spectrometry (IMS).
PG  - 355-62
LID - 10.1002/dta.81 [doi]
AB  - Trace detection of illicit drugs challenges the scientific community to develop 
      improved sensitivity and selectivity in sampling and detection techniques. Ion 
      mobility spectrometry (IMS) is one of the prominent trace detectors for illicit 
      drugs and explosives, mostly due to its portability, high sensitivity and fast 
      analysis. Current sampling methods for IMS rely on wiping suspected surfaces or 
      withdrawing air through filters to collect particulates. These methods depend 
      greatly on the particulates being bound onto surfaces or having sufficient vapour 
      pressure to be airborne. Many of these compounds are not readily available in the 
      headspace due to their low vapour pressure. This research presents a novel SPME 
      device for enhanced air sampling and shows the use of optimized IMS by genetic 
      algorithms to target volatile markers and/or odour signatures of illicit 
      substances. The sampling method was based on unique static samplers, planar 
      substrates coated with sol-gel polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) nanoparticles, also 
      known as planar solid-phase microextraction (PSPME). Due to its surface 
      chemistry, high surface area and capacity, PSPME provides significant increases 
      in sensitivity over conventional fibre SPME. The results show a 50-400 times 
      increase in the detection capacity for piperonal, the odour signature of 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). The PSPME-IMS technique was able to 
      detect 600 ng of piperonal in a 30 s extraction from a quart-sized can containing 
      5 MDMA tablets, while detection using fibre SPME-IMS was not attainable. In a 
      blind study of six cases suspected to contain varying amounts of MDMA in the 
      tablets, PSPME-IMS successfully detected five positive cases and also produced no 
      false positives or false negatives. One positive case had minimal amounts of MDMA 
      resulting in a false negative response for fibre SPME-IMS.
FAU - Gura, Sigalit
AU  - Gura S
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and International Forensic Research 
      Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
FAU - Guerra-Diaz, Patricia
AU  - Guerra-Diaz P
FAU - Lai, Hanh
AU  - Lai H
FAU - Almirall, Jose R
AU  - Almirall JR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Drug Test Anal
JT  - Drug testing and analysis
JID - 101483449
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 0 (Tablets)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air/analysis
MH  - Algorithms
MH  - Hallucinogens/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/analysis
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*analysis
MH  - Solid Phase Microextraction/methods
MH  - Spectrum Analysis/*methods
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
MH  - Tablets
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2010/04/01 06:00
MHDA- 2010/06/26 06:00
CRDT- 2010/04/01 06:00
PHST- 2010/04/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/04/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/06/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/dta.81 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Test Anal. 2009 Jul;1(7):355-62. doi: 10.1002/dta.81.