PMID- 20373993
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100831
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1557-8976 (Electronic)
IS  - 0882-8245 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 2
DP  - 2010 Apr
TI  - Interleukin-8, interleukin-1beta, and interferon-gamma levels are linked to PRRS 
      virus clearance.
PG  - 127-34
LID - 10.1089/vim.2009.0087 [doi]
AB  - Infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) 
      results in a weak antiviral immune response that leads to a persistent infection 
      in a subset of pigs. We investigated the intensity and timing of the early 
      cytokine responses to PRRSV infection to determine their utility as a predictor 
      of persistence. As part of the "Big Pig" project, we evaluated cytokine gene 
      expression in lymphoid tissues collected from pigs for up 202 days post-infection 
      (dpi); serum samples were collected biweekly. Cytokine mRNA levels were compared 
      between pigs that cleared the viral infection from serum and tissues 
      (non-persistent [NP] pigs) to those of persistent (P) pigs, that had viral RNA in 
      their serum for up to 126 dpi. The gene expression studies in the 
      tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN) of all the pigs showed upregulation of 
      interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-associated T-helper 1 (Th-1) markers from 14-84 dpi, 
      and of T-regulatory interleukin-10 (IL-10), but no upregulation of innate markers 
      (IFN-A, IL-1B, and IL-8). At later time points (>112 dpi) these genes were no 
      longer differentially expressed and thus were uninformative for persistence 
      studies. Statistical analyses of serum cytokine levels indicated that innate 
      cytokine (IL-1beta and IL-8) levels were upregulated early after infection. 
      Interestingly, serum IL-8 levels in NP pigs were significantly higher than in P 
      pigs at 14 dpi. When analyzed together, variations in all three of the serum 
      cytokines tested (IL-8, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma) was significantly correlated 
      with virus level, accounting for approximately 84% of the variations observed. 
      These results indicate that while each cytokine individually has minor effects on 
      the length of virus replication, the combination of cytokine activities should be 
      considered when understanding the role of immunity in persistence.
FAU - Lunney, Joan K
AU  - Lunney JK
AD  - Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 
      Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, 
      Maryland 20705, USA. JoanLunney@ars.usda.gov
FAU - Fritz, Eric R
AU  - Fritz ER
FAU - Reecy, James M
AU  - Reecy JM
FAU - Kuhar, Daniel
AU  - Kuhar D
FAU - Prucnal, Elizabeth
AU  - Prucnal E
FAU - Molina, Ramon
AU  - Molina R
FAU - Christopher-Hennings, Jane
AU  - Christopher-Hennings J
FAU - Zimmerman, Jeffrey
AU  - Zimmerman J
FAU - Rowland, Raymond R R
AU  - Rowland RR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Viral Immunol
JT  - Viral immunology
JID - 8801552
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-1beta)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
CIN - Viral Immunol. 2010 Apr;23(2):125-6. PMID: 20373992
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Bronchi
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Interferon-gamma/*blood/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-1beta/blood/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-8/*blood/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Lymph Nodes/immunology/virology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/blood/*immunology/virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*physiology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics
MH  - RNA, Viral/analysis
MH  - Swine
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Trachea
MH  - Viral Load/*veterinary
EDAT- 2010/04/09 06:00
MHDA- 2010/09/02 06:00
CRDT- 2010/04/09 06:00
PHST- 2010/04/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/04/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/09/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1089/vim.2009.0087 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Viral Immunol. 2010 Apr;23(2):127-34. doi: 10.1089/vim.2009.0087.