PMID- 20449583
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100924
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1432-184X (Electronic)
IS  - 0095-3628 (Print)
IS  - 0095-3628 (Linking)
VI  - 60
IP  - 1
DP  - 2010 Jul
TI  - Molecular and microscopical investigation of the microflora inhabiting a 
      deteriorated Italian manuscript dated from the thirteenth century.
PG  - 69-80
LID - 10.1007/s00248-010-9667-9 [doi]
AB  - This case study shows the application of nontraditional diagnostic methods to 
      investigate the microbial consortia inhabiting an ancient manuscript. The 
      manuscript was suspected to be biologically deteriorated and SEM observations 
      showed the presence of fungal spores attached to fibers, but classic culturing 
      methods did not succeed in isolating microbial contaminants. Therefore, molecular 
      methods, including PCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and clone 
      libraries, were used as a sensitive alternative to conventional cultivation 
      techniques. DGGE fingerprints revealed a high biodiversity of both bacteria and 
      fungi inhabiting the manuscript. DNA sequence analysis confirmed the existence of 
      fungi and bacteria in manuscript samples. A number of fungal clones identified on 
      the manuscript showed similarity to fungal species inhabiting dry or saline 
      environments, suggesting that the manuscript environment selects for osmophilic 
      or xerophilic fungal species. Most of the bacterial sequences retrieved from the 
      manuscript belong to phylotypes with cellulolytic activities.
FAU - Michaelsen, Astrid
AU  - Michaelsen A
AD  - Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 
      Austria.
FAU - Pinar, Guadalupe
AU  - Pinar G
FAU - Pinzari, Flavia
AU  - Pinzari F
LA  - eng
GR  - P 17328/FWF_/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100507
PL  - United States
TA  - Microb Ecol
JT  - Microbial ecology
JID - 7500663
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Fungal)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacteria/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - *Biodiversity
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/genetics
MH  - DNA, Fungal/genetics
MH  - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
MH  - *Environmental Microbiology
MH  - Fungi/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - *Manuscripts as Topic
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Spores, Fungal/isolation & purification
PMC - PMC2917558
EDAT- 2010/05/08 06:00
MHDA- 2010/09/25 06:00
PMCR- 2010/05/07
CRDT- 2010/05/08 06:00
PHST- 2010/03/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/03/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/05/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/05/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/09/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 9667 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00248-010-9667-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Microb Ecol. 2010 Jul;60(1):69-80. doi: 10.1007/s00248-010-9667-9. Epub 2010 May 
      7.