PMID- 20526374
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100907
LR  - 20240214
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 5
IP  - 5
DP  - 2010 May 28
TI  - Bacterial acquisition in juveniles of several broadcast spawning coral species.
PG  - e10898
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0010898 [doi]
LID - e10898
AB  - Coral animals harbor diverse microorganisms in their tissues, including archaea, 
      bacteria, viruses, and zooxanthellae. The extent to which coral-bacterial 
      associations are specific and the mechanisms for their maintenance across 
      generations in the environment are unknown. The high diversity of bacteria in 
      adult coral colonies has made it challenging to identify species-specific 
      patterns. Localization of bacteria in gametes and larvae of corals presents an 
      opportunity for determining when bacterial-coral associations are initiated and 
      whether they are dynamic throughout early development. This study focuses on the 
      early onset of bacterial associations in the mass spawning corals Montastraea 
      annularis, M. franksi, M. faveolata, Acropora palmata, A. cervicornis, Diploria 
      strigosa, and A. humilis. The presence of bacteria and timing of bacterial 
      colonization was evaluated in gametes, swimming planulae, and newly settled 
      polyps by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using general eubacterial 
      probes and laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The coral species investigated in 
      this study do not appear to transmit bacteria via their gametes, and bacteria are 
      not detectable in or on the corals until after settlement and metamorphosis. This 
      study suggests that mass-spawning corals do not acquire, or are not colonized by, 
      detectable numbers of bacteria until after larval settlement and development of 
      the juvenile polyp. This timing lays the groundwork for developing and testing 
      new hypotheses regarding general regulatory mechanisms that control bacterial 
      colonization and infection of corals, and how interactions among bacteria and 
      juvenile polyps influence the structure of bacterial assemblages in corals.
FAU - Sharp, Koty H
AU  - Sharp KH
AD  - Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of 
      America. kotysharp@gmail.com
FAU - Ritchie, Kim B
AU  - Ritchie KB
FAU - Schupp, Peter J
AU  - Schupp PJ
FAU - Ritson-Williams, Raphael
AU  - Ritson-Williams R
FAU - Paul, Valerie J
AU  - Paul VJ
LA  - eng
GR  - S06 GM044796/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - S06-GM-44796/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100528
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Aging/*physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anthozoa/cytology/*growth & development/*microbiology
MH  - Caribbean Region
MH  - Germ Cells/cytology/metabolism
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC2878338
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2010/06/09 06:00
MHDA- 2010/09/08 06:00
PMCR- 2010/05/28
CRDT- 2010/06/08 06:00
PHST- 2010/01/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/05/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/06/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/06/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/09/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/05/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10-PONE-RA-15476R1 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0010898 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2010 May 28;5(5):e10898. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010898.