PMID- 20537654
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100915
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1217
IP  - 27
DP  - 2010 Jul 2
TI  - Enantiomeric analysis of drugs of abuse in wastewater by chiral liquid 
      chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.
PG  - 4575-86
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.073 [doi]
AB  - The manuscript concerns the development and validation of a method for 
      enantiomeric analysis of structurally related amphetamines (amphetamine, 
      methamphetamine, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 
      3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine 
      (MDEA)), ephedrines (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine and norephedrine) and venlafaxine 
      in wastewater by means of chiral chromatography coupled with tandem mass 
      spectrometry. Solid-phase extraction on Oasis HLB sorbent used for sample 
      clean-up and concentration of analytes resulted in very good recoveries 
      accounting for >70%. Signal suppression during MS analysis was negligible for 
      most studied analytes. Resolution of enantiomers of chiral drugs was found to be 
      higher than 1. Preliminary assay validation was undertaken. The mean correlation 
      coefficients of the calibration curves, which were on average higher than 0.997 
      for all studied analytes, showed good linearity of the method in the studied 
      range. Intra- and inter-day repeatabilities were on average less than 5%. The 
      method quantification limits in wastewater were at low ppt levels and varied from 
      2.25 to 11.75ng/L. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of raw 
      and treated wastewater samples collected from four wastewater treatment plants. A 
      common occurrence of 1R,2S (-)-ephedrine, 1S,2S (+)-pseudoephedrine and 
      venlafaxine in both raw and treated wastewater samples was observed. Amphetamine, 
      methamphetamine, MDMA and MDEA were also detected in several wastewater samples. 
      The study of enantiomeric fractions of these chiral drugs proved their variable 
      non-racemic composition. The influence of wastewater treatment processes on the 
      enantiomeric composition of chiral drugs was also noted and might indicate 
      enantioselective processes occurring during treatment, although more 
      comprehensive research has to be undertaken to support this hypothesis.
CI  - Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara
AU  - Kasprzyk-Hordern B
AD  - University of Huddersfield, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, 
      School of Applied Sciences, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK. 
      b.kasprzyk-hordern@hud.ac.uk
FAU - Kondakal, Vishnu V R
AU  - Kondakal VV
FAU - Baker, David R
AU  - Baker DR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100505
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 0 (Cyclohexanols)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - 0 (Propanolamines)
RN  - 0 (Waste Products)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 7D7RX5A8MO (Venlafaxine Hydrochloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amphetamines/analysis/*chemistry
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid/*methods
MH  - Cyclohexanols/analysis/chemistry
MH  - Illicit Drugs/analysis/*chemistry
MH  - Linear Models
MH  - Propanolamines/analysis/*chemistry
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
MH  - Stereoisomerism
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
MH  - Waste Products
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/chemistry
EDAT- 2010/06/12 06:00
MHDA- 2010/09/16 06:00
CRDT- 2010/06/12 06:00
PHST- 2009/12/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/04/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/06/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/06/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/09/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0021-9673(10)00593-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.073 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2010 Jul 2;1217(27):4575-86. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.073. 
      Epub 2010 May 5.