PMID- 20554303
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20101008
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1879-2448 (Electronic)
IS  - 0043-1354 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 14
DP  - 2010 Jul
TI  - Pan-European survey on the occurrence of selected polar organic persistent 
      pollutants in ground water.
PG  - 4115-26
LID - 10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.032 [doi]
AB  - This study provides the first pan-European reconnaissance of the occurrence of 
      polar organic persistent pollutants in European ground water. In total, 164 
      individual ground-water samples from 23 European Countries were collected and 
      analysed (among others) for 59 selected organic compounds, comprising 
      pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, pesticides (and their transformation products), 
      perfluorinated acids (PFAs), benzotriazoles, hormones, alkylphenolics (endocrine 
      disrupters), Caffeine, Diethyltoluamide (DEET), and Triclosan. The most relevant 
      compounds in terms of frequency of detection and maximum concentrations detected 
      were DEET (84%; 454 ng/L), Caffeine (83%; 189 ng/L), PFOA (66%; 39 ng/L), 
      Atrazine (56%; 253 ng/L), Desethylatrazine (55%; 487 ng/L), 1H-Benzotriazole 
      (53%; 1032 ng/L), Methylbenzotriazole (52%; 516 ng/L), Desethylterbutylazine 
      (49%; 266 ng/L), PFOS (48%, 135 ng/L), Simazine (43%; 127 ng/L), Carbamazepine 
      (42%; 390 ng/L), nonylphenoxy acetic acid (NPE(1)C) (42%; 11 microg/L), Bisphenol 
      A (40%; 2.3 microg/L), PFHxS (35%; 19 ng/L), Terbutylazine (34%; 716 ng/L), 
      Bentazone (32%; 11 microg/L), Propazine (32%; 25 ng/L), PFHpA (30%; 21 ng/L), 
      2,4-Dinitrophenol (29%; 122 ng/L), Diuron (29%; 279 ng/L), and Sulfamethoxazole 
      (24%; 38 ng/L). The chemicals which were detected most frequently above the 
      European ground water quality standard for pesticides of 0.1 microg/L were 
      Chloridazon-desphenyl (26 samples), NPE(1)C (20), Bisphenol A (12), Benzotriazole 
      (8), N,N'-Dimethylsulfamid (DMS) (8), Desethylatrazine (6), Nonylphenol (6), 
      Chloridazon-methyldesphenyl (6), Methylbenzotriazole (5), Carbamazepine (4), and 
      Bentazone (4). However, only 1.7% of all single analytical measurements (in total 
      8000) were above this threshold value of 0.1 microg/L; 7.3% were > than 10 ng/L.
CI  - Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Loos, Robert
AU  - Loos R
AD  - European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and 
      Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi, 21020 Ispra, Italy. 
      robert.loos@jrc.ec.europa.eu
FAU - Locoro, Giovanni
AU  - Locoro G
FAU - Comero, Sara
AU  - Comero S
FAU - Contini, Serafino
AU  - Contini S
FAU - Schwesig, David
AU  - Schwesig D
FAU - Werres, Friedrich
AU  - Werres F
FAU - Balsaa, Peter
AU  - Balsaa P
FAU - Gans, Oliver
AU  - Gans O
FAU - Weiss, Stefan
AU  - Weiss S
FAU - Blaha, Ludek
AU  - Blaha L
FAU - Bolchi, Monica
AU  - Bolchi M
FAU - Gawlik, Bernd Manfred
AU  - Gawlik BM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100601
PL  - England
TA  - Water Res
JT  - Water research
JID - 0105072
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 134-62-3 (DEET)
RN  - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine)
RN  - 4NM5039Y5X (Triclosan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Caffeine/analysis
MH  - DEET/analysis
MH  - Data Collection
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/methods
MH  - Europe
MH  - Fluorocarbons/analysis
MH  - Fresh Water/*analysis
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/analysis
MH  - Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis
MH  - Static Electricity
MH  - Triclosan/analysis
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2010/06/18 06:00
MHDA- 2010/10/12 06:00
CRDT- 2010/06/18 06:00
PHST- 2010/02/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/05/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/05/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/06/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/06/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/10/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0043-1354(10)00340-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.032 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Res. 2010 Jul;44(14):4115-26. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.032. Epub 2010 
      Jun 1.