PMID- 20655592
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110926
LR  - 20110222
IS  - 1878-1667 (Electronic)
IS  - 0147-9571 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Mar
TI  - Cytokine expression, glucocorticoid and growth hormone changes after porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-1) infection in vaccinated and 
      unvaccinated naturally exposed pigs.
PG  - 143-55
LID - 10.1016/j.cimid.2010.06.004 [doi]
AB  - The objective of this paper was to study the changes of some cytokines and 
      neuroendocrine hormones in vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs that were naturally 
      infected by a PRRSV-1 (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) 
      heterologous field strain. We analyzed gene expression of pro-inflammatory 
      (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, MCP-1, IL-6), pro-immune (IFN-gamma) and anti-inflammatory cytokines 
      (IL-10) in PBMC, as well as hormonal (GH and cortisol) levels in blood samples of 
      pigs obtained in a field trial previously reported [Martelli P, Gozio S, Ferrari 
      L, Rosina S, De Angelis E, Quintavalla C, et al. Efficacy of a modified-live 
      porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in pigs 
      naturally exposed to a heterologous European (Italian cluster) field strain: 
      clinical protection and cell-mediated immunity. Vaccine 2009;27:3788-99]. All 
      vaccinated pigs showed an increase in pro-inflammatory and pro-immune cytokine 
      gene expression with respect to controls and a prompt increase in GH that could 
      be consistently associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines in sustaining innate 
      immunity; moreover, the higher levels of cortisol indicates the activation of the 
      hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response. In contrast, unvaccinated 
      pigs showed down-regulation of the cortisol and GH responses, and the 
      pro-inflammatory and pro-immune cytokines remained at a basal or low level, with 
      an increase of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in association with a higher level of IL-10 in the 
      late phase of natural infection. The associated trends of pro-inflammatory and 
      anti-inflammatory cytokines together with the cortisol level demonstrate that a 
      previous vaccination promotes an early immune responsiveness in pigs and a more 
      efficient control of inflammation in the late phase of infection with a 
      heterologous PRRSV isolate; both events could sustain clinical protection.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Borghetti, Paolo
AU  - Borghetti P
AD  - Department of Animal Health, University of Parma, Italy. paolo.borghetti@unipr.it
FAU - Saleri, Roberta
AU  - Saleri R
FAU - Ferrari, Luca
AU  - Ferrari L
FAU - Morganti, Marina
AU  - Morganti M
FAU - De Angelis, Elena
AU  - De Angelis E
FAU - Franceschi, Valentina
AU  - Franceschi V
FAU - Bottarelli, Ezio
AU  - Bottarelli E
FAU - Martelli, Paolo
AU  - Martelli P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100723
PL  - England
TA  - Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis
JT  - Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases
JID - 7808924
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Glucocorticoids)
RN  - 9002-72-6 (Growth Hormone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/blood/*immunology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*immunology
MH  - Glucocorticoids/blood/*immunology
MH  - Growth Hormone/blood/*immunology
MH  - Immunity, Innate
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/blood/*immunology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/immunology
MH  - Swine
MH  - Vaccination
EDAT- 2010/07/27 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2010/07/27 06:00
PHST- 2010/05/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/06/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/07/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/07/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0147-9571(10)00047-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.cimid.2010.06.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Mar;34(2):143-55. doi: 
      10.1016/j.cimid.2010.06.004. Epub 2010 Jul 23.