PMID- 20692926
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121002
LR  - 20190918
IS  - 0887-2333 (Print)
IS  - 0887-2333 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 3
DP  - 1994 Jun
TI  - Alterations in the glial fibrillary acidic protein content of primary astrocyte 
      cultures for evaluation of glial cell toxicity.
PG  - 351-9
AB  - Astrocyte-enriched primary glial cell cultures from the rat cerebral cortex were 
      exposed to a range of neurotoxic compounds and the effects on three proteins were 
      examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The most consistent marker 
      for astrocyte toxicity was the intermediate filament protein glial fibrillary 
      acidic protein (GFAp). Many toxicants reported to have specificity for astrocytes 
      (e.g. mercuric chloride, aluminium chloride, toluene or ethanol) produced a 
      similar dose-response curve: increases in the GFAp content of the cells at 
      sub-cytotoxic concentrations with attenuation at higher concentrations. Some of 
      the concentrations required to increase GFAp were extremely low, indicating that 
      this is a sensitive and consistent marker of cellular damage, as has been shown 
      in vivo. Toxicants that have neuronal specificity (such as 
      1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridinium or acrylamide) had no effects on 
      GFAp levels, indicating that the system measures the susceptibility of astrocytes 
      to specific toxicants rather than neurotoxicity. The levels of S-100 protein and 
      vimentin were measured for a smaller number of toxicants. S100 was a less 
      sensitive and inconsistent marker in comparison with GFAp, whilst vimentin levels 
      were not seen to increase with any tested compound. These results suggest that 
      astrocytes have a valuable place in culture models for neurotoxicity testing.
FAU - Cookson, M R
AU  - Cookson MR
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK.
FAU - Pentreath, V W
AU  - Pentreath VW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Toxicol In Vitro
JT  - Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with 
      BIBRA
JID - 8712158
EDAT- 1994/06/01 00:00
MHDA- 1994/06/01 00:01
CRDT- 2010/08/10 06:00
PHST- 1993/08/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 1993/12/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/08/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1994/06/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1994/06/01 00:01 [medline]
AID - 0887-2333(94)90156-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/0887-2333(94)90156-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol In Vitro. 1994 Jun;8(3):351-9. doi: 10.1016/0887-2333(94)90156-2.