PMID- 20817105
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110405
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1095-9572 (Electronic)
IS  - 1053-8119 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Jan 15
TI  - Medial prefrontal gray matter volume reductions in users of amphetamine-type 
      stimulants revealed by combined tract-based spatial statistics and voxel-based 
      morphometry.
PG  - 794-801
LID - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.065 [doi]
AB  - Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) refer to a group of drugs whose principal 
      members include amphetamine, methamphetamine and 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Worldwide, ATS are among the most 
      common illicit drugs. Therefore, understanding whether and to what extent ATS 
      exposure affects brain structure and functioning in recreational users has become 
      a critical public health issue. We studied gray and white matter densities in 20 
      experienced users of ATS (more than 100 units MDMA and/or 50 g of amphetamine 
      lifetime dose), 42 low exposure users with very limited ATS experience (less than 
      5 units lifetime dose) and 16 drug-naive controls. A tract-based spatial 
      statistics (TBSS) analysis of fractional anisotropy images was applied to 
      diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Furthermore, alignment invariant 
      white matter tract representations acquired from the TBSS analysis were used as a 
      reference for inter-subject brain registrations in a voxel-based morphometry 
      (VBM) analysis of gray matter volume, reducing characteristic alignment 
      inaccuracies associated with this voxel-wise gray matter investigation approach. 
      Between-group white matter comparison revealed no significant results. However, 
      compared to low exposure users, experienced users showed several regions of lower 
      gray matter volume in medial frontal regions, in particular the orbital and 
      medial frontal cortex. Differences are likely to reflect effects of repeated ATS 
      exposure even in recreational users. However, differences in pre-existing or 
      confounding factors might also account for between-group differences.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Daumann, Jorg
AU  - Daumann J
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, 
      Germany. joerg.daumann@uk-koeln.de
FAU - Koester, Philip
AU  - Koester P
FAU - Becker, Benjamin
AU  - Becker B
FAU - Wagner, Daniel
AU  - Wagner D
FAU - Imperati, Davide
AU  - Imperati D
FAU - Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, Euphrosyne
AU  - Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E
FAU - Tittgemeyer, Marc
AU  - Tittgemeyer M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20100915
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroimage
JT  - NeuroImage
JID - 9215515
RN  - 0 (Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
RN  - CK833KGX7E (Amphetamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/*adverse effects
MH  - Adult
MH  - Amphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - Amphetamines/*adverse effects
MH  - Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/adverse effects
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/*pathology
EDAT- 2010/09/08 06:00
MHDA- 2011/04/06 06:00
CRDT- 2010/09/07 06:00
PHST- 2010/04/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/07/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/08/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/09/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/09/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/04/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1053-8119(10)01162-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.065 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroimage. 2011 Jan 15;54(2):794-801. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.065. 
      Epub 2010 Sep 15.