PMID- 20851194
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110405
LR  - 20220309
IS  - 1095-9572 (Electronic)
IS  - 1053-8119 (Print)
IS  - 1053-8119 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Jan 15
TI  - Impaired error-likelihood prediction in medial prefrontal cortex in 
      schizophrenia.
PG  - 1506-17
LID - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.027 [doi]
AB  - The cognitive impairment in individuals with schizophrenia includes deficits of 
      working memory in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and deficits of performance 
      monitoring in medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Recent work suggests a more 
      general role for MPFC in predicting the outcome of actions and then evaluating 
      those predictions. Here we investigate, in individuals with schizophrenia, two 
      specific effects associated with this role: the error likelihood effect 
      (occurring on trials with correct performance, but features that predict a high 
      probability of errors), and the error unexpectedness effect (occurring on trials 
      with an error, but features that predict errors are of low probability). In a 
      rapid event-related fMRI design with a modified version of the change-signal 
      task, a cue incidentally predicting error likelihood was encoded into working 
      memory by participants in order to perform a secondary delayed match-to-sample 
      task. There were four key findings: (1) individuals with schizophrenia exhibited 
      poorer working memory performance and reduced error signals in MPFC; (2) even in 
      control and schizophrenia subgroups matched on working memory performance, the 
      schizophrenia subgroup showed a deficit in error-likelihood prediction in MPFC at 
      the time of the predictive cue; (3) the schizophrenia subgroup also showed a 
      deficit in evaluative error-unexpectedness activity when errors were committed; 
      and (4) a mediation analysis indicated that error-likelihood predictions 
      successfully explained error-unexpectedness evaluations in both controls and 
      patients. Collectively, these findings suggest that individuals with 
      schizophrenia have a disturbance in the evaluation of outcomes that is the result 
      of a primary deficit in the prediction of error likelihood in MPFC.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Krawitz, Adam
AU  - Krawitz A
AD  - Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, 
      IN 47405, USA. akrawitz@indiana.edu
FAU - Braver, Todd S
AU  - Braver TS
FAU - Barch, Deanna M
AU  - Barch DM
FAU - Brown, Joshua W
AU  - Brown JW
LA  - eng
GR  - R03 DA023462/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R03 DA023462-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 MH019879/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 MH019879-15/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20100917
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuroimage
JT  - NeuroImage
JID - 9215515
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Brain Mapping
MH  - Cognition/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/*physiopathology
MH  - Schizophrenia/*physiopathology
PMC - PMC2997134
MID - NIHMS238503
EDAT- 2010/09/21 06:00
MHDA- 2011/04/06 06:00
PMCR- 2012/01/15
CRDT- 2010/09/21 06:00
PHST- 2010/07/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/09/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/09/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/09/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/09/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/04/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/01/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1053-8119(10)01208-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.027 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroimage. 2011 Jan 15;54(2):1506-17. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.027. 
      Epub 2010 Sep 17.