PMID- 20865699
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110307
LR  - 20161018
IS  - 1552-8618 (Electronic)
IS  - 0730-7268 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 11
DP  - 2010 Nov
TI  - The influence of natural organic matter on the toxicity of multiwalled carbon 
      nanotubes.
PG  - 2511-8
LID - 10.1002/etc.309 [doi]
AB  - Engineered carbon nanostructures, such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), 
      are inherently hydrophobic and are not readily stable in aqueous media. However, 
      the aqueous stability and bioavailability of these nanotubes may be influenced by 
      the water quality parameters such as ionic strength, pH, and natural organic 
      matter (NOM). Natural organic matter adsorbs onto the surface of MWNTs, 
      effectively covering the hydrophobic surface and resulting in increased aqueous 
      stability. This enhanced stability is likely to lead to an increased residence 
      time in the water column and increased exposure times for pelagic organisms. In 
      the current study, NOM from three different river systems in the southeast United 
      States increased the stability of MWNT suspensions. The effects of these 
      suspensions were evaluated using acute and chronic bioassays with Daphnia magna 
      and Ceriodaphnia dubia. The 96-h LC50 for D. magna exposed to MWNTs suspended in 
      Suwannee River (USA) NOM was approximately 2.0 mg/L and was not significantly 
      influenced by NOM concentrations ranging from 1.79 to 18.5 mg/L DOC. However, 
      there were differences in 96-h LC50 values among different sources of NOM 
      (Suwannee, Black, and Edisto Rivers, USA). Daphnid growth was reduced in both D. 
      magna and C. dubia, whereas reproduction was reduced in C. dubia. 
      Characterization of the different NOM sources and MWNT suspensions was conducted. 
      Visual inspection using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and gut 
      elimination observations suggested that the toxicity was attributable to ingested 
      MWNTs clogging the gut tract of D. magna. The TEM micrographs indicated that 
      MWNTs can disaggregate within the gut tract, but single MWNTs are unable to 
      absorb across the gut lumen.
CI  - (c) 2010 SETAC.
FAU - Edgington, Aaron J
AU  - Edgington AJ
AD  - University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences, Denton, Texas 
      76203, USA. aedging@clemson.edu
FAU - Roberts, Aaron P
AU  - Roberts AP
FAU - Taylor, Leigh M
AU  - Taylor LM
FAU - Alloy, Matt M
AU  - Alloy MM
FAU - Reppert, Jason
AU  - Reppert J
FAU - Rao, Apparao M
AU  - Rao AM
FAU - Mao, Jingdong
AU  - Mao J
FAU - Klaine, Stephen J
AU  - Klaine SJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Toxicol Chem
JT  - Environmental toxicology and chemistry
JID - 8308958
RN  - 0 (Nanotubes, Carbon)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cladocera/*drug effects/growth & development
MH  - Daphnia/*drug effects/growth & development
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Lethal Dose 50
MH  - Nanotubes, Carbon/analysis/*toxicity
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/*toxicity
EDAT- 2010/09/25 06:00
MHDA- 2011/03/08 06:00
CRDT- 2010/09/25 06:00
PHST- 2010/09/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/09/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/03/08 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/etc.309 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 Nov;29(11):2511-8. doi: 10.1002/etc.309.