PMID- 20920556
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20101217
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1879-3169 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-4274 (Linking)
VI  - 199
IP  - 3
DP  - 2010 Dec 15
TI  - Prior exposure to organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides increases the 
      allergic potential of environmental chemical allergens in a local lymph node 
      assay.
PG  - 347-56
LID - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.09.018 [doi]
AB  - The dysregulation of immune functions by some pesticides leads to various immune 
      disorders, including immunodeficiency, tumorigenesis, allergies, and 
      autoimmunity. This study's primary objective was to examine the relationship 
      between immune disorders and the immunosuppression induced by immunosuppressive 
      pesticides. We focused on the modulation of allergic potential by the 
      organophosphorus pesticide parathion, organochlorine pesticide methoxychlor, 
      phenoxyacetic acid herbicide 2,4-d-butyl, and benzoic acid fungicide eugenol, as 
      detected by a local lymph node assay (LLNA), which was developed initially for 
      hazard identification of skin sensitization. Parathion and methoxychlor are 
      immunosuppressive chemicals, and 2,4-d-butyl and eugenol are contact allergens. 
      After the immunosuppressive characteristics of parathion and methoxychlor were 
      confirmed in a pilot study, 4-week-old mice were orally administered parathion 
      (0, 0.4, 1.2mg/kg) or methoxychlor (0, 100, 300 mg/kg). Four weeks after the last 
      administration, an LLNA was conducted using 2,4-d-butyl (0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%) 
      and eugenol (0%, 5%, 10%, and 25%). In addition, detailed analysis of their 
      auricular lymph nodes for number of surface antigen expression of T cells and 
      local cytokine production were performed using 5% 2,4-d-butyl and 5% eugenol 
      treatment groups. EC3 values (estimated concentration to yield a stimulation 
      index of 3) of 2,4-d-butyl and eugenol decreased markedly in parathion- and 
      methoxychlor-pretreated groups. Parathion- and methoxychlor-pretreated groups 
      induced marked increase in number of surface antigen expression of T cells and 
      levels of Th1 cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-17) produced by ex vivo 
      restimulated lymph node cells. According to our results, the allergic potentials 
      of 2,4-d-butyl and eugenol are increased by prior exposure to parathion and 
      methoxychlor.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Fukuyama, Tomoki
AU  - Fukuyama T
AD  - Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan. 
      fukuyama@iet.or.jp
FAU - Kosaka, Tadashi
AU  - Kosaka T
FAU - Tajima, Yukari
AU  - Tajima Y
FAU - Ueda, Hideo
AU  - Ueda H
FAU - Hayashi, Koichi
AU  - Hayashi K
FAU - Shutoh, Yasufumi
AU  - Shutoh Y
FAU - Harada, Takanori
AU  - Harada T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Toxicol Lett
JT  - Toxicology letters
JID - 7709027
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 2577AQ9262 (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid)
RN  - 3T8H1794QW (Eugenol)
RN  - 61G466064D (Parathion)
RN  - 94-80-4 (2,4-D n-butyl ester)
RN  - RIA79UD69L (Methoxychlor)
SB  - IM
MH  - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*analogs & derivatives/immunology
MH  - Allergens/*immunology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/biosynthesis
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Eugenol/*immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Methoxychlor/*toxicity
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Mice, Inbred CBA
MH  - Parathion/*toxicity
MH  - Pesticides/*toxicity
EDAT- 2010/10/06 06:00
MHDA- 2010/12/18 06:00
CRDT- 2010/10/06 06:00
PHST- 2010/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/09/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/09/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/10/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/10/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/12/18 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-4274(10)01706-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.09.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Lett. 2010 Dec 15;199(3):347-56. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.09.018.