PMID- 21029993
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20101115
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1474-4457 (Electronic)
IS  - 1473-3099 (Print)
IS  - 1473-3099 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 11
DP  - 2010 Nov
TI  - Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-1-infected 
      individuals: proposed clinical case definitions.
PG  - 791-802
LID - 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70170-5 [doi]
AB  - Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) may present as a 
      clinical worsening or new presentation of cryptococcal disease after initiation 
      of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and is thought to be caused by recovery of 
      cryptococcus-specific immune responses. We have reviewed reports of cryptococcal 
      IRIS and have developed a consensus case definition specifically for paradoxical 
      crytopcoccal IRIS in patients with HIV-1 and known cryptococcal disease before 
      ART, and a separate definition for incident cryptococcosis developed during ART 
      (termed ART-associated cryptococcosis), for which a proportion of cases are 
      likely to be unmasking cryptococcal IRIS. These structured case definitions are 
      intended to aid design of future clinical, epidemiological, and 
      immunopathological studies of cryptococcal IRIS, to standardise diagnostic 
      criteria, and to facilitate comparisons between studies. As for definitions of 
      tuberculosis-associated IRIS, definitions for cryptococcal IRIS should be 
      regarded as preliminary until further insights into the immunopathology of IRIS 
      permit their refinement.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Haddow, Lewis J
AU  - Haddow LJ
AD  - Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College 
      London, London, UK.
FAU - Colebunders, Robert
AU  - Colebunders R
FAU - Meintjes, Graeme
AU  - Meintjes G
FAU - Lawn, Stephen D
AU  - Lawn SD
FAU - Elliott, Julian H
AU  - Elliott JH
FAU - Manabe, Yukari C
AU  - Manabe YC
FAU - Bohjanen, Paul R
AU  - Bohjanen PR
FAU - Sungkanuparph, Somnuek
AU  - Sungkanuparph S
FAU - Easterbrook, Philippa J
AU  - Easterbrook PJ
FAU - French, Martyn A
AU  - French MA
FAU - Boulware, David R
AU  - Boulware DR
CN  - International Network for the Study of HIV-associated IRIS (INSHI)
LA  - eng
GR  - K23AI073192/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R34 AI081554-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - G0700530/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - L30 AI066779/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R34AI081554-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - L30 AI066779-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - G0200585/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - K23 AI073192/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 AI073192-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R34 AI081554/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Lancet Infect Dis
JT  - The Lancet. Infectious diseases
JID - 101130150
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-HIV Agents/*administration & dosage/*adverse effects
MH  - Cryptococcosis/*diagnosis/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Cryptococcus/immunology/*isolation & purification
MH  - HIV Infections/*complications/*drug therapy/virology
MH  - HIV-1/isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/*diagnosis/microbiology/pathology
PMC - PMC3026057
MID - NIHMS263487
COIS- Conflict of interest None
EDAT- 2010/10/30 06:00
MHDA- 2010/11/16 06:00
PMCR- 2011/11/01
CRDT- 2010/10/30 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/10/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/11/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1473-3099(10)70170-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70170-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Lancet Infect Dis. 2010 Nov;10(11):791-802. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70170-5.